背景技术人类血液是必需的人类元素,尚未发现其替代物。这项研究旨在确定丢弃血液及其成分的原因。材料与方法在三级护理医院血库进行了为期三年(2018年1月1日至2020年12月31日)的回顾性研究。从各种寄存器中检索数据并进行分析。结果在这项研究中,共3280台,1868个单位,2018年、2019年和2020年分别采集了486单位全血。观察到全血的丢弃率为9.48%,17.23%,2018年、2019年和2020年分别为43%。部件的丢弃率各不相同,例如用于浓缩红细胞(PRBC),新鲜冰冻血浆(FFP),2018年为1.76%,2019年为1.73%,2020年为3.03%,2018年为4.08%,2019年为4.36%,2020年为2.20%,对于血小板、2018年为43.08%,2019年为31.56%,2020年为45.03%。2018年、2019年和2020年分别丢弃了311、322和209单位全血。由于各种原因,例如未诊断的不育(HIV,乙型肝炎表面抗原,丙型肝炎病毒,性病研究实验室),质量控制,体重不足,溶血单位,到期,和红细胞增多症。结论储存血液及其成分的浪费是不可避免的。尽管如此,通过最佳利用和实施输血服务(BTS)以及对血库工作人员的教育和培训,可以最大程度地减少这种情况。血液及其成分的浪费有多种原因,如未经筛查的输血传播疾病,不育,storage,出血少,到期,溶血样本和红细胞增多症。自我定期审计,医院和血库工作人员之间的协调,适当储存和处理血液单位,严格的捐赠者选择和延期标准,以及适当的历史记录,将有助于减少血液或其成分的浪费。
Background Human blood is an essential human element for which no substitute has yet been discovered. This study aims to determine the causes of discarding blood and its components. Material and methods A retrospective study of three years (January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020) was performed in a tertiary care hospital blood bank. Data were retrieved from the various registers and analysed. Results During this study, a total of 3280 units, 1868 units, and 486 units of whole blood were collected in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. It was observed that the discard rate of whole blood was 9.48%, 17.23%, and 43% in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The discard rate for components varied, such as for packed red blood cells (PRBC), it was 1.76% in 2018, 1.73% in 2019, and 3.03% in 2020, for fresh frozen plasma (FFP), it was 4.08% in 2018, 4.36% in 2019, and 2.20% in 2020, and for platelets, it was 43.08% in 2018, 31.56% in 2019, and 45.03% in 2020. A total of 311, 322, and 209 units of whole blood were discarded in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The total whole blood and blood components were discarded for various reasons such as undiagnosed sterility (HIV, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C virus, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory), quality control, underweight, hemolysis unit, expiry, and polycythemia. Conclusion The wastage of stored blood and its components is inevitable. Still, it can be minimised by optimum utilisation and implementation of blood transfusion services (BTS) along with the education and training of blood bank staff. There are various reasons for the wastage of blood and its components, such as unscreened transfusion-transmitted diseases, sterility, storage, less bleeding, expiry, hemolysis samples and polycythemia. Self-regular audits, coordination between hospital and blood bank staff, proper storage and handling of blood units, strict donor selection and deferral criteria, along with appropriate history taking, will help minimise the wastage of blood or its components.