大多数植物普遍受到热量的影响,尤其是火灾,但是有些可以从所谓的火灾生态学中获利。金星捕蝇,就是这样一种植物。在绿色沼泽的自然栖息地,Dionaea经常面临草和常绿灌木过度生长的挑战,这些灌木掩盖了植物。2没有自然火,Dionaea的数量会下降。3在沼泽大火之后,Dionaea如何生存甚至茁壮成长?这里,我们询问捕蝇是否能识别沼泽火灾最前端的热浪,并证明基于热传感器的警报可以为它们提供火灾生存策略。在这项研究中,我们表明捕蝇响应热波而被电激发并关闭。超过38°C的临界温度,陷阱火灾动作电位(AP),它们与胞质Ca2+瞬变相互连接。热诱导的Ca2-AP具有3分钟的不应期,然而陷阱仍然对寒冷有反应,电压,还有谷氨酸.热响应是陷阱特有的,只有当陷阱变得兴奋时才会出现。在热刺激下,Ca2+波起源于触发头发讲台,表明机械感觉区是热受体器官。与人体热受体相反,捕蝇传感器检测温度变化而不是绝对体温。我们建议通过感测温度差,捕蝇可以识别接近的火的热量,从而在扳机毛发被烧焦之前关闭,虽然他们可以在炎热的夏天继续捕捉猎物。
Most plants suffer greatly from heat in general and fire in particular, but some can profit from what is called fire ecology.1Dionaea muscipula, the Venus flytrap, is one such plant. In its natural habitat in the Green Swamps,
Dionaea often faces challenges from excessive growth of grass and evergreen shrubs that overshadow the plant.2 Without natural fire, the
Dionaea populations would decline.3 How does
Dionaea survive and even thrive after swamp fires? Here, we ask whether flytraps recognize heat waves at the forefront of swamp fires and demonstrate that a heat-sensor-based alarm may provide a fire survival strategy for them. In this study, we show that flytraps become electrically excited and close in response to a heat wave. Over a critical temperature of 38°C, traps fire action potentials (APs), which are interconnected with cytosolic Ca2+ transients. The heat-induced Ca2+-AP has a 3-min refractory period, yet traps still respond to cold, voltage, and glutamate. The heat responses were trap specific, emerging only when the trap became excitable. Upon heat stimulation, the Ca2+ wave originates in the trigger hair podium, indicating that the mechanosensory zone serves as a heat receptor organ. In contrast to the human heat receptor, the flytrap sensor detects temperature change rather than the absolute body temperature. We propose that by sensing the temperature differential, flytraps can recognize the heat of an approaching fire, thus closing before the trigger hairs are burned, while they can continue to catch prey throughout hot summers.