背景:饮食模式和饮食质量指数(DQI)与不同的健康状况有关被广泛讨论,最近已被考虑到所有癌症类型。由于慢性炎症已被认为是癌症发生的重要生物学危险因素,特别是在上皮组织中,饮食的促炎或抗炎特性已成为人们关注的焦点。在本研究中,我们的目标是确定特定的饮食模式,地中海饮食评分(MD),在伊朗人群中,饮食炎症指数(DII)与总体癌症风险相关.方法:本研究是在Golestan队列研究的背景下进行的。每日能量摄入极端的参与者或没有回答食物频率问卷(FFQ)中30个以上问题的参与者被排除在外。饮食模式,MD,和DII从FFQ测量。年龄,性别,总能量,居住地,吸烟,财富得分,种族,阿片类药物的使用,BMI,教育,婚姻状况,和体力活动评分被认为是混杂变量。使用Cox比例风险回归模型,评估癌症的风险比(HR)和95%置信区间.结果:按西方饮食模式的四分位数划分的所有癌症的HR(95%CI),DII,和MD显示,西方饮食模式的第四个四分位数与第一个四分位数相比,癌症风险增加了23%(HR:1.23,CI:1.09-1.40,P<0.001,调整了年龄和性别)。进一步调整后仍有显著性(HR=1.20,CI:1.06-1.36,P<0.001)。与第一四分位数相比,DII的第四四分位数的癌症风险更高(HR=1.16,CI:1.01-1.32,P趋势<0.001,调整年龄和性别)。对地中海饮食模式的较低依从性也在很大程度上导致了27%的癌症风险增加(HR:1.27,CI:1.12-1.44),P趋势<0.001,经年龄和性别调整),进一步调整后也保持显着((HR=1.19,CI:1.05-1.35,P趋势<0.001)。结论:癌症与膳食摄入和膳食模式高度相关,比如西方的饮食模式,而地中海饮食评分与癌症风险呈负相关。需要进一步的调查才能更广泛地了解人群中的癌症决定因素。
Background: Dietary patterns and diet quality index (DQI) are widely discussed in relation with different health conditions and have recently been taken into consideration for all cancer types. Since chronic inflammation has been recognized as an important biologic risk factor for cancer occurrence, especially in epithelial tissues, proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory characteristics of diet has become the center of attention. In the present study, we aimed to identify whether a specific dietary pattern, Mediterranean dietary score (MDs), and dietary inflammatory index (DII) were associated with overall cancer risk in Iranian population. Methods: This study was performed in the context of the Golestan cohort study. Participants with extreme daily energy intake or those who did not answer more than 30 question of the Food Frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were excluded. Dietary patterns, MDs, and DII were measured from FFQ. Age, sex, total energy, place of residence, smoking, wealth score, ethnicity, opiate use, BMI, education, marital status, and physical activity score were considered as confounding variables. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval of cancer were estimated. Results: HRs (95% CIs) of all cancers by quartiles of Western dietary pattern, DII, and MDs showed that the forth quartile of the Western dietary pattern is attributed to 23% higher cancer risk (HRs: 1.23, CI: 1.09-1.40, P< 0.001, adjusted for age and sex) compared to the first quartile. It also remained significant after further adjustments (HRs = 1.20, CI: 1.06-1.36, P< 0.001). There was a higher cancer risk in the fourth quartile of DII in comparison with the first quartile (HRs = 1.16, CI: 1.01-1.32, P trend < 0.001, adjusted for age and sex). The lower adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern also largely contributes to 27% higher cancer risk (HRs: 1.27, CI: 1.12-1.44), P trend < 0.001, adjusted for age and sex), which also remained remarkable after further adjustments ((HRs =1.19, CI: 1.05-1.35, P trend < 0.001). Conclusion: Cancer is highly correlated to dietary intake and dietary patterns, such as the Western dietary pattern, while the Mediterranean diet score was inversely associated with cancer risk. Further investigations are required to get a broader insight into cancer determinants in population.