■结核病(TB)是一个主要的公共卫生问题,影响着全世界数百万人。营养不良是结核病的常见并发症,可使疾病预后恶化。这项研究的目的是调查膳食和营养状况,以及饮食结构,呼伦贝尔市结核病患者,内蒙古,中国。此外,本研究旨在分析影响其营养状况的因素,为结核病的防治及相关问题提供理论依据。
■对呼伦贝尔市第二医院随机抽取的334名结核病患者进行了横断面研究。进行了问卷调查,以收集有关人口特征的信息,饮食习惯,和食物摄入。通过体重指数(BMI)评估营养状况。基于在过去24小时内消耗的食物组的数量来计算饮食多样性评分(DDS)。采用SPSS20.0软件进行统计学分析。描述性统计使用率和组成比率,分类数据使用频率和百分比表示。用卡方检验分析营养状况与其他变量之间的关系。显著性水平设置为α=0.05。采用多因素有序logistic回归分析确定影响结核病患者营养状况的独立因素。
■单因素分析显示,结核病患者的营养状况(以BMI衡量)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),考虑到种族,教育水平,吸烟,肉类饮食,蔬菜消费,和DDS分级。在性别方面没有发现统计学上的显著差异,年龄,婚姻状况,职业,睡眠持续时间,酒精消费,以及大米和面粉菜肴的消费。单变量分析中具有统计学意义的变量包括在多变量序数逻辑回归分析模型中。调查结果强调,教育水平(高中或以下),吸烟,肉类饮食,DDS评分1~3分,以蔬菜为主的饮食对肺结核患者的营养状况有独立影响(均P<0.05)。汉族与其他种族之间的营养状况没有显着差异。
■研究表明,呼伦贝尔市结核病患者的饮食和营养状况不理想,并受到多种因素的影响。吸烟,肉类饮食,低饮食多样性评分是结核病患者营养不良的主要危险因素。研究表明,应该对结核病患者实施营养教育和干预计划,以改善其饮食质量和营养状况。
UNASSIGNED: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Malnutrition is a common complication of TB and can worsen the disease outcome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary and nutritional status, as well as the dietary structure, of TB patients in Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia, China. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze the factors that influence the nutritional status in order to provide a theoretical foundation for the prevention and treatment of TB and related issues.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 334 randomly selected TB patients from Hulunbuir City Second Hospital. A questionnaire survey was administered to collect information on demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and food intake. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI). Dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated based on the number of food groups consumed in the previous 24 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software. Descriptive statistics employed rates and composition ratios, and categorical data was represented using frequencies and percentages. The chi-square test was used to analyze the association between nutritional status and other variables, with a significance level set at α=0.05. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent factors affecting the nutritional status of TB patients.
UNASSIGNED: The univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the nutritional status (as measured by BMI) among tuberculosis patients, considering ethnicity, educational level, smoking, meat-based diet, vegetable consumption, and DDS grading. No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender, age, marital status, occupation, sleep duration, alcohol consumption, and consumption of rice and flour dishes. Statistically significant variables from the univariate analysis were included in a multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis model. The findings highlighted that educational level (high school or below), smoking, meat-based diet, DDS scores of 1-3, and a primarily vegetable-based diet had independent effects on the nutritional status of tuberculosis patients (all P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in nutritional status between the Han ethnic group and other ethnicities.
UNASSIGNED: The study revealed that the dietary and nutritional status of TB patients in Hulunbuir City was suboptimal and influenced by several factors. Smoking, meat-based diet, and low dietary diversity score were the primary risk factors for malnutrition among TB patients. The study suggests that nutritional education and intervention programs should be implemented for TB patients to improve their dietary quality and nutritional status.