背景:乳腺癌是一项重大的公共卫生挑战,每年新增29万例病例,医疗费用巨大。治疗的进步导致了生存率的提高,但常见的副作用包括体重增加,疲劳,恶心,和味道的变化,降低生活质量。
目的:这篇综述旨在评估乳腺癌初级治疗期间饮食和生活方式干预的影响及其对体重的影响,身体成分,治疗相关的不良结局,和患者报告的生活质量。
方法:搜索PubMed,CINAHL,和EMBASE进行到2023年5月10日,确定了31种出版物,描述了27种干预措施,包括饮食或饮食加运动。Cochrane偏差风险工具评估了出版物的质量。
方法:研究结果表明,全食物,有氧和力量训练,治疗期间间歇性禁食可以改善体重和成分,治疗相关结果,和生活质量。限制包括研究持续时间的变化,小样本量,和有限的社会人口统计数据。
结论:随着饮食质量的提高和热量摄入的减少,有或没有锻炼,在乳腺癌治疗期间挑战当前的护理标准建议.虽然需要更多的研究,医疗保健团队可以在乳腺癌的初级治疗期间自信地促进健康饮食和运动,以控制体重并改善与治疗相关的副作用和生活质量。
背景:PROSPERO注册号。42023425613。
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a significant public health challenge, with 290 000 new cases annually and significant healthcare costs. Treatment advancements have led to improvements in survival, but common adverse effects include weight gain, fatigue, nausea, and taste changes, decreasing quality of life.
OBJECTIVE: This review aims to assess the impact of diet and lifestyle interventions during primary treatment for breast cancer and their effects on body weight, body composition, treatment-related adverse outcomes, and patient-reported quality of life.
METHODS: A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE conducted through May 10, 2023, identified 31 publications describing 27 interventions including diet or diet plus exercise. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool assessed the quality of publications.
METHODS: The findings suggest that whole foods, aerobic and strength-training exercises, and intermittent fasting during treatment may improve body weight and composition, treatment-related outcomes, and quality of life. Limitations include variation in study duration, small sample sizes, and limited sociodemographic data.
CONCLUSIONS: Improvements seen with increased diet quality and reduced caloric intake, with or without exercise, challenge current standard-of-care recommendations during treatment for breast cancer. While there is a need for additional research, healthcare teams can confidently promote healthy diets and exercise during primary treatment for breast cancer to manage weight and improve treatment-related side effects and quality of life.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO registration no. 42023425613.