暴露于内分泌干扰化学物质如双酚A(BPA)和邻苯二甲酸盐在儿童和青少年中很普遍,但是在这些敏感的生命阶段,人们对重要的暴露源知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们测定了108名8~13岁墨西哥儿童的尿中BPA和9种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度.年龄的关联,一天的时间,以及关于外部环境的问卷项目,用水,和食品容器的使用与比重校正尿浓度进行了评估,过去48小时内使用17种个人护理产品的问卷项目也是如此。作为次要目标,在这些孩子的99名母亲中测量了妊娠晚期尿浓度,并探讨了这两个时间点的比重校正尿浓度之间的关系。在过去48小时内调整其他个人护理产品使用的潜在混杂因素后,男孩对古龙水/香水的使用和邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)有统计学意义(p<0.05)的正相关,邻苯二甲酸单(3-羧基丙基)酯(MCPP),单(2-乙基-5-羟基己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MEHHP),和单(2-乙基-5-氧代己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MEOHP),在有色化妆品和邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯(MBP)的女孩中,单(2-乙基己基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MEHP),MEHHP,MEOHP,和单(2-乙基-5-羧基戊基)邻苯二甲酸酯(MECPP),护发素使用和MEP,除臭剂的使用和MEP,和其他头发产品使用和MBP。在过去的48小时内,女孩使用的个人护理产品和log-MEP的数量在统计学上有显着的积极趋势。然而,分析物与其他问卷项目之间无统计学显著关联,妊娠晚期和8~13岁测量的分析物之间无显著相关性.我们证明,个人护理产品的使用与儿童接触多种邻苯二甲酸酯有关。由于发展迅速,儿童可能容易受到暴露于内分泌干扰化学物质的影响;因此,儿童可能需要减少或延迟使用某些个人护理产品。
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates is prevalent among children and adolescents, but little is known regarding important sources of exposure at these sensitive life stages. In this study, we measured urinary concentrations of BPA and nine phthalate metabolites in 108 Mexican children aged 8-13 years. Associations of age, time of day, and questionnaire items on external environment, water use, and food container use with specific gravity-corrected urinary concentrations were assessed, as were questionnaire items concerning the use of 17 personal care products in the past 48-h. As a secondary aim, third trimester urinary concentrations were measured in 99 mothers of these children, and the relationship between specific gravity-corrected urinary concentrations at these two time points was explored. After adjusting for potential confounding by other personal care product use in the past 48-h, there were statistically significant (p<0.05) positive associations in boys for cologne/perfume use and monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and in girls for colored cosmetics use and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), MEHHP, MEOHP, and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), conditioner use and MEP, deodorant use and MEP, and other hair products use and MBP. There was a statistically significant positive trend for the number of personal care products used in the past 48-h and log-MEP in girls. However, there were no statistically significant associations between the analytes and the other questionnaire items and there were no strong correlations between the analytes measured during the third trimester and at 8-13 years of age. We demonstrated that personal care product use is associated with exposure to multiple phthalates in children. Due to rapid development, children may be susceptible to impacts from exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals; thus, reduced or delayed use of certain personal care products among children may be warranted.