背景:当今儿童心理运动发育及其影响因素是许多研究感兴趣的主题,特别是参与保护和改善儿童健康的专家。埃塞俄比亚等低收入国家五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的证据有限。这项研究的目的是评估在Dessie市公共卫生设施就诊的五岁以下儿童的运动发育迟缓及其相关因素,埃塞俄比亚。
方法:从2020年7月1日至2021年8月15日,在Dessie镇的公共卫生设施中,对5岁以下儿童进行了基于设施的横断面研究设计。总共,根据一个月的平均客户数量,系统地选择了417名五岁以下儿童。预先测试的结构化问卷用于数据收集,并将数据输入Epi-data3.1版本,并将其导出到STATA版本14进行分析。二元logistic回归分析用于确定与结果变量相关的因素。95%置信区间的比值分别用于显示关联的强度和方向,P值小于0.05用于说明统计学意义。
结果:在Dessie市医疗机构就诊的五岁以下儿童中,运动发育迟缓的总体比例,埃塞俄比亚占16.31%,95%CI:(13.05,20.19)。儿童年龄增加[AOR=0.97,95%CI:(0.96,0.99)],怀孕期间胎龄增加[AOR=0.47,95%CI:(0.37,0.65)],男性[AOR=5.26,95%CI:(1.76,15.67)],有孕期饮酒史[AOR=7.40,95%CI:(2.36,23.25)],怀孕期间服用铁[AOR=0.04,95%CI:(0.01,0.15)],面临胎儿和/或母体并发症[AOR=4.98,95%CI:(1.20,20.62)],工具传递[AOR=9.78,95%CI:(2.48,38.60)]与粗大运动发育迟缓显著相关.
结论:与其他文献相比,5岁以下儿童的粗大运动发育迟缓较高。这项研究表明,孩子的年龄和性别,怀孕期间的铁和酒精摄入量,胎龄,分娩方式和她和/或她的新生儿的任何并发症是独立变量,显示出统计学上显著的相关性.医生应建议母亲适当补充铁-叶酸,并避免在怀孕期间摄入酒精。此外,他们应该关注那些面临任何并发症的母亲和/或她的新生儿,并更好地阻止工具分娩,除非没有其他选择。
Child psychomotor development and factors affecting it today is the subject of interest of many studies, in particular by the experts involved in the protection and improvement of children\'s health. There is limited evidence on developmental delay among under-five children in low-income countries like Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess gross motor developmental delay and associated factors among under-five children attending public health facilities of
Dessie city, Ethiopia.
Facility based cross sectional study design was used among under-five children attending under-five OPD in public health facilities of
Dessie town from July 1, 2020 to August 15, 2021. A total of, 417 under-five children were systematically selected based on their average number of clients in a month. A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and data was entered into Epi-data 3.1 version and it was exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength and direction of association respectively and P-value less than 0.05 is used to declare statistical significance.
The overall proportion of gross motor developmental delay among under-five children attending health facilities of
Dessie city, Ethiopia was 16.31%, 95% CI: (13.05, 20.19). Increased age of the child [AOR = 0.97, 95% CI: (0.96, 0.99)], increased gestational age during pregnancy [AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: (0.37, 0.65)], being male [AOR = 5.26, 95% CI: (1.76, 15.67)], having history of alcohol intake during pregnancy [AOR = 7.40, 95% CI: (2.36, 23.25)], taking iron during pregnancy [AOR = 0.04, 95% CI: (0.01, 0.15)], facing fetal and/or maternal complication [AOR = 4.98, 95% CI: (1.20, 20.62)], having instrumental delivery [AOR = 9.78, 95% CI: (2.48, 38.60)] were significantly associated with gross motor developmental delay.
The gross motor developmental delay among under-five children was higher as compared to other literatures. This study indicated that, age and sex of the child, iron and alcohol intake during pregnancy, gestational age, mode of delivery and any complication to her and or her neonate were independent variables which showed statistical significant association. The physicians should advise mothers to take iron-folic acid supplement properly and to avoid intake of alcohol during pregnancy. In addition, they should focus on those mothers who faced any complication to her and/or her neonate and better to discourage instrumental delivery unless there are no other options.