在这项研究中,我们旨在研究寻常型天疱疮(PV)患者的血清细胞因子水平与天疱疮疾病面积指数(PDAI)之间的关系,随着抗桥粒蛋白(Dsg)1抗体的存在,寻常型天疱疮患者抗Dsg3抗体与共感染的关系.这项回顾性研究包括2014年11月至2022年11月在昆明医科大学第二附属医院就诊的62例PV患者和59例健康人。使用Luminex200系统(高通量细胞因子检测方法)评估细胞因子和趋化因子的血清浓度。此外,通过酶联免疫吸附试验测定抗Dsg1和抗Dsg3抗体,而使用PDAI评分系统评估疾病严重程度。PV组Th1细胞因子(如白细胞介素(IL)-1RA,IL-1β,IL-2,IL-12p70,GM-CSF,TNF-α,IL-18,IFN-γ),Th2细胞因子(IL-5,IL-10,IL-13)和Th17/Th22相关细胞因子(IL-17A,IL-22)与健康对照组相比(p<0.05)。相反,趋化因子的水平(巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1α(MIP-1α),基质细胞衍生因子-1α(SDF-1α),干扰素诱导蛋白-10(IP-10),调节正常T细胞表达和分泌(RANTES)的激活,生长调节基因-α(GRO-α),与健康对照组相比,PV组MIP-1β)和Th2(IL-31)降低(p<0.05)。在其他细胞因子和趋化因子中没有观察到显著差异(p>0.05)。此外,IL-7,IFN-γ,IL-18和GRO-α与PDAI呈正相关,IL-6与抗Dsg3抗体水平呈正相关,IL-12p70、IL-18和IFN-γ与抗Dsg1抗体水平呈正相关。此外,IL-15与皮肤感染呈正相关。PV患者的各种细胞因子和趋化因子水平升高,与各种T细胞亚群活化相关的细胞因子和趋化因子均有不同程度的升高。PDAI和Dsg1抗体水平主要与Th1相关细胞因子有关。
In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between the serum cytokine levels of patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and the Pemphigus Disease Area Index (PDAI), along with the presence of anti-desmoglein (Dsg) 1 antibody, anti-Dsg3 antibody and co-infection among patients with pemphigus vulgaris. This retrospective study included 62 PV patients and 59 healthy individuals who attended the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from November 2014 to November 2022. The serum concentrations of cytokines and chemokines were assessed using the Luminex 200 System (a high-throughput cytokine detection method). Additionally, anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while disease severity was evaluated using the PDAI scoring system. The PV group exhibited elevated levels of Th1 cytokines (such as interleukin (IL)-1RA, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-12p70, GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-18, IFN-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-10, IL-13) and Th17/Th22-related cytokines (IL-17A, IL-22) compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). Conversely, the levels of chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α), stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α), interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), Regulated on Activation in Normal T-Cell Expressed And Secreted (RANTES), growth-regulated on-gene-alpha (GRO-α), MIP-1β) and Th2 (IL-31) were lower in the PV group compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in other cytokines and chemokines (p > 0.05). Additionally, IL-7, IFN-γ, IL-18 and GRO-α showed positive correlations with PDAI, IL-6 correlated positively with anti-Dsg3 antibody levels, and IL-12p70, IL-18, and IFN-γ correlated positively with anti-Dsg1 antibody levels. Furthermore, IL-15 exhibited a positive association with skin infections. PV patients have elevated levels of various cytokines and chemokines, and there are different degrees of elevation in cytokines and chemokines associated with the activation of various T cell subsets. PDAI and the Dsg1 antibody levels are mainly related to the Th1-related cytokines.