%0 Journal Article
%T Desmosomal Hyper-adhesion Affects Direct Inhibition of Desmoglein Interactions in Pemphigus.
%A Steinert L
%A Fuchs M
%A Sigmund AM
%A Didona D
%A Hudemann C
%A Möbs C
%A Hertl M
%A Hashimoto T
%A Waschke J
%A Vielmuth F
%J J Invest Dermatol
%V 0
%N 0
%D 2024 Apr 26
%M 38677661
%F 7.59
%R 10.1016/j.jid.2024.03.042
%X During differentiation, keratinocytes acquire a strong, hyper-adhesive state, where desmosomal cadherins interact calcium ion independently. Previous data indicate that hyper-adhesion protects keratinocytes from pemphigus vulgaris autoantibody-induced loss of intercellular adhesion, although the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Thus, in this study, we investigated the effect of hyper-adhesion on pemphigus vulgaris autoantibody-induced direct inhibition of desmoglein (DSG) 3 interactions by atomic force microscopy. Hyper-adhesion abolished loss of intercellular adhesion and corresponding morphological changes of all pathogenic antibodies used. Pemphigus autoantibodies putatively targeting several parts of the DSG3 extracellular domain and 2G4, targeting a membrane-proximal domain of DSG3, induced direct inhibition of DSG3 interactions only in non-hyper-adhesive keratinocytes. In contrast, AK23, targeting the N-terminal extracellular domain 1 of DSG3, caused direct inhibition under both adhesive states. However, antibody binding to desmosomal cadherins was not different between the distinct pathogenic antibodies used and was not changed during acquisition of hyper-adhesion. In addition, heterophilic DSC3-DSG3 and DSG2-DSG3 interactions did not cause reduced susceptibility to direct inhibition under hyper-adhesive condition in wild-type keratinocytes. Taken together, the data suggest that hyper-adhesion reduces susceptibility to autoantibody-induced direct inhibition in dependency on autoantibody-targeted extracellular domain but also demonstrate that further mechanisms are required for the protective effect of desmosomal hyper-adhesion in pemphigus vulgaris.