背景:斑秃(AA)是一种自身免疫性疾病,其特征是无惊吓性脱发和保留毛囊。关于疾病病程的现有信息,AA的临床特征在全球范围内很少,在哥伦比亚几乎不存在。
目的:确定在哥伦比亚5个城市接受皮肤科咨询的AA患者的临床和社会人口统计学特征。
方法:这是一项回顾性和多中心研究,来自正在进行的哥伦比亚斑秃国家登记处(RENAAC)在波哥大收集的数据,卡利,卡塔赫纳,巴兰基亚,还有麦德林,哥伦比亚从2022年3月到2023年4月。数据是由受过训练的医生以标准化形式获得的。变量表示为集中趋势和分散的度量,以及绝对和相对频率。
结果:共纳入562例患者,其中59.4%是女性,年龄在15至49岁之间(63.9%),平均病程为1.7年。最常见的发现是多个斑块(53.2%),主要的AA亚型是斑片状(71.4%),29.5%的患者有过去的皮肤病学病史,18.3%有内分泌史,8.9%有既往精神病史.最广泛使用的治疗方法是类固醇注射(76.4%),5%的局部米诺地尔(46.4%),其次是高效糖皮质激素(42.5%)。研究局限性和结论:AA在女性中占主导地位。正如在其他人群中看到的,这种疾病在男性和女性中发病较早。在儿科年龄的介绍并不常见。几乎三分之一的患者检查了其他皮肤病的既往史。由于将系统性红斑狼疮患者排除在研究之外,因此对AA与其他自身免疫性疾病共同表现的分析存在偏见。
BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by non-scaring hair loss and preservation of hair follicles. The information available on disease course, and clinical features of AA is scarce worldwide, and almost nonexistent in Colombia.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with AA who presented to a dermatology consultation in five Colombian cities.
METHODS: This was a retrospective and multicenter study on data from an ongoing National Registry of Alopecia Areata in Colombia (RENAAC) collected in Bogota, Cali, Cartagena, Barranquilla, and Medellin, Colombia from March 2022 through April 2023. Data was recorded in a standardized form by trained physicians. The variables were expressed as measures of central tendency and dispersion, and absolute and relative frequencies.
RESULTS: A total of 562 patients were included, 59.4% of whom were women, aged between 15 and 49 years (63.9%) with a mean disease course of 1.7 years. The most common finding was multiple plaque (53.2%), the predominant AA subtype was patchy (71.4%), and 29.5% of the patients had a past dermatological history, 18.3% had a past endocrinological history, and 8.9% had a past psychiatric history. The treatments most widely used were steroid injections (76.4%), 5% topical minoxidil (46.4%), followed by high-potency corticosteroids (42.5%).
UNASSIGNED: AA was slightly predominant in women. As seen in other populations, this disease had an earlier onset in men vs women. Presentation in pediatric age was uncommon. The previous history of other dermatological diseases was checked in almost one third of the patients. Analysis of the co-presentation of AA with other autoimmune diseases is biased due to excluding patients with systemic erythematous lupus from the study.