目的:本研究旨在测量和分析不同矢状位骨错牙合患者的横向指标,探讨不同矢状位骨骼错牙合的横向特征。
方法:90例骨性Ⅰ类患者的侧方头颅和CBCT,收集恒牙中的Ⅱ和Ⅲ。应用海豚软件测量基底骨的宽度,牙槽骨,上颌和下颌犬齿中相应牙齿的牙弓和颊舌倾斜角,前磨牙和磨牙区。采用SPSS22.0软件包对数据进行统计分析。
结果:犬下颌基底骨的宽度,骨性Ⅲ类的前磨牙和磨牙面积为(27.15±2.74),(39.30±2.82)和(59.97±2.93)mm,分别。骨性Ⅲ类下颌牙槽骨的宽度为(25.38±1.78),(34.51±2.28)和(47.72±2.73)mm,分别。骨性Ⅲ类上颌前磨牙区和下颌犬区牙弓宽度分别为(48.70±2.35)和(30.69±2.31)mm,分别。Ⅲ类骨骼的上述数据明显大于Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类骨骼(P<0.01)。上颌犬齿的牙弓宽度,骨性Ⅲ类的上颌磨牙和下颌磨牙面积分别为(38.88±1.90),(59.51±3.40)和(56.01±2.86)mm,分别,显著大于骨性Ⅱ类(P<0.05)。犬基骨的上颌下颌宽度差异,骨骼Ⅲ类前磨牙和磨牙面积为(4.69±2.84),(2.31±2.39)和(3.27±2.05)mm,分别,显著低于骨性Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类(P<0.01)。与骨骼Ⅰ类相比,骨骼Ⅱ类的上颌犬齿和第一磨牙具有较大的舌侧倾斜水平,而骨性Ⅲ类的上颌第一前磨牙和第一磨牙的颊倾角较大,骨性Ⅲ类的下颌犬齿和下颌第一前磨牙的舌倾角较大(P<0.01)。
结论:对于正常疾病患者,下颌基骨的宽度,牙槽骨,骨性Ⅲ类的上颌和下颌牙弓最宽,在基底骨中更可能有宽度差异。在骨骼Ⅲ类中,上颌牙齿向颊倾斜,下颌骨的牙齿在咽下倾斜.在骨骼Ⅱ类中,上颌牙齿是舌状倾斜的,下颌牙齿是代偿直立的。
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to measure and analyze the transverse indicators of normodivergent patients with different sagittal skeletal malocclusions, to explore the transverse characteristics of different sagittal skeletal malocclusions.
METHODS: Lateral cephalograms and CBCT of 90 normodivergent patients with skeletal Class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ in their permanent dentition were collected. Dolphin software was applied to measure the widths of the basal bone, alveolar bone, dental arch and buccolingual inclination angle of the corresponding teeth in the maxillary and mandibular canine, premolar and molar areas. SPSS 22.0 software package was applied for statistical analysis of the data.
RESULTS: The widths of the mandibular basal bone in canine, premolar and molar areas of skeletal Class Ⅲ were (27.15±2.74), (39.30±2.82) and (59.97±2.93) mm, respectively. The widths of the mandibular alveolar bone of skeletal Class Ⅲ were (25.38±1.78), (34.51±2.28) and (47.72±2.73) mm, respectively. The dental arch widths of the maxillary premolar and mandibular canine areas of skeletal Class Ⅲ were (48.70±2.35) and (30.69±2.31)mm, respectively. The above data of skeletal Class Ⅲ were significantly larger than those of skeletal Class Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.01). The dental arch widths of the maxillary canine, maxillary molar and mandibular molar areas of skeletal Class Ⅲ were (38.88±1.90), (59.51±3.40) and (56.01±2.86)mm, respectively, which were significantly larger than those of skeletal Class Ⅱ(P<0.05). The maxillomandibular width difference of basal bone in the canine, premolar and molar areas of skeletal Class Ⅲ were (4.69±2.84), (2.31±2.39) and (3.27±2.05) mm, respectively, which were significantly less than that of skeletal Class Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P<0.01). Compared with skeletal Class Ⅰ, the maxillary canines and first molars of skeletal Class Ⅱ had larger lingual inclination level, while the maxillary first premolars and first molars of skeletal Class Ⅲ had larger buccal inclination level, the mandibular canines and the mandibular first premolars of skeletal Class Ⅲ had larger lingual inclination level(P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: For normodivergent patients, the width of the mandibular base bone, alveolar bone, and maxillary and mandibular dental arch in skeletal Class Ⅲ is the widest, which is more likely to have width discrepancy in basal bone. In skeletal Class Ⅲ, the maxillary teeth are buccally inclined, and the mandibular teeth are ingually inclined. In skeletal Class Ⅱ, the maxillary teeth are lingually inclined, and the mandibular teeth are compensatory upright.