铁皮石斛是一种既有药用又有食用价值的中草药。然而,野生铁皮石斛产量有限。不利的压力影响生长,发展,和植物的产量,其中低温是铁皮石斛向高纬度地区引种和扩大种植面积的主要限制因素。因此,本研究旨在探索生长能力的变化,耐寒性,铁皮石斛不同菌株之间的生物活性化合物含量。选择4株铁皮石斛作为实验材料,对其进行低温胁迫(4°C)。农艺性状,生理指标,以及耐寒相关基因(HSP70,DcPP2C5,DoCDPK1和DoCDPK6)在铁皮石斛根和叶中的表达,决心。生物活性化合物的含量,包括多糖,黄酮类化合物,和酚也被测量。与其他菌株相比,仙居具有最高的种子萌发和与移植相关的存活率。在低温胁迫下,仙居表现出最强的抗寒能力,正如含水量的变化所揭示的,叶绿素水平,电导率,酶活性,和抗寒相关基因的表达。此外,仙居多糖含量增加最多,而在冷处理下,所有四个菌株的茎黄酮和叶苯酚含量均升高。因此,选择性能优良的菌株有望扩大种植面积,提高产量,提高铁皮石斛在气温较低的高纬度地区的经济效益。
Dendrobium officinale is a valuable traditional Chinese herbal plant that is both medicinal and edible. However, the yield of wild Dendrobium officinale is limited. Adverse stress affects the growth, development, and yield of plants, among which low temperature is the primary limiting factor for introducing Dendrobium officinale to high-latitude areas and expanding the planting area. Therefore, this study aims to explore the variations in growth ability, cold resistance, and contents of bioactive compounds among different Dendrobium officinale strains. Four strains of Dendrobium officinale were selected as experimental materials and were subjected to low-temperature stress (4 °C). The agronomic traits, physiological indices, as well as the expressions of cold resistance-related genes (HSP70, DcPP2C5, DoCDPK1, and DoCDPK6) in the roots and leaves of Dendrobium officinale, were determined. The contents of bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phenols were also measured. Compared with the other strains, Xianju had the highest seed germination and transplantation-related survival rates. Under low-temperature stress, Xianju exhibited the strongest cold resistance ability, as revealed by the changes in water contents, chlorophyll levels, electrical conductivities, enzyme activities, and expressions of the cold resistance-related genes. Additionally, the polysaccharide content of Xianju increased the most, while the stem flavonoid and leaf phenol contents were elevated in all four strains under cold treatment. Therefore, selecting excellent performing strains is expected to expand the planting area, improve the yield, and increase the economic benefits of Dendrobium officinale in high latitude areas with lower temperatures.