目的:先前的研究仅证实急性膀胱炎的复发会对患者的心理状态产生负面影响。本研究旨在评估尿路感染复发对焦虑和抑郁的影响,并进一步评估复发次数与焦虑和抑郁程度之间是否存在相关性。
方法:这项横断面研究纳入了2018年4月至2022年6月在三级护理中心就诊的复发性膀胱炎患者。对于符合条件的患者,抑郁和焦虑通过患者健康问卷-9和状态特质焦虑量表进行评估。在临床特征中,分析影响抑郁和焦虑程度的独立因素。此外,焦虑水平之间的关系,抑郁症,并评估复发性膀胱炎的数量。
结果:本研究共纳入112例女性复发性膀胱炎患者。抑郁症患者的比例(中度,8%;严重,0%)与焦虑患者(中度,22.3%;严重,68.8%)。多因素回归分析显示,反复发作次数越多,焦虑评分越高(P<0.001)。已证实,较长的疾病持续时间与较高的抑郁评分相关(P=0.031)。此外,复发次数与状态-特质焦虑量表和患者健康问卷-9评分呈正相关(分别为r=0.362,P<0.001和r=0.248,P=0.009)。
结论:我们的研究表明,复发性膀胱炎显著增加患者的焦虑,与复发的频率相关。疾病持续时间也与抑郁症有关。这些发现强调了预防尿路感染复发以减少心理并发症的重要性。为了加强这些结果,更大的队列研究是必要的。
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have simply confirmed recurrence of acute
cystitis negatively affects a patient\'s psychological state. This study was performed to assess the impact of the recurrence of urinary tract infections on anxiety and depression and further assess whether there is a correlation between the number of recurrences and the degree of anxiety and depression.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled patients with recurrent
cystitis who visited a tertiary care center between April 2018 and June 2022. For eligible patients, depression and anxiety were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Among the clinical characteristics, factors that independently affected the degree of depression and anxiety were analyzed. Additionally, the relationship between the level of anxiety, depression, and the number of recurrent
cystitis was assessed.
RESULTS: A total of 112 female patients with recurrent
cystitis were enrolled in this study. The proportion of patients with depression (moderate, 8%; severe, 0%) was relatively low compared with that of patients with anxiety (moderate, 22.3%; severe, 68.8%). Multivariate regression analysis showed that more recurrent episodes were significantly associated with higher anxiety scores (P<0.001). It was confirmed that longer disease duration is associated with higher depression scores (P=0.031). Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the number of recurrences and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores (r=0.362, P<0.001 and r=0.248, P=0.009, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals that recurrent
cystitis notably increases patients\' anxiety, correlating with the frequency of recurrences. Disease duration is also linked to depression. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing urinary tract infection recurrences to reduce psychological complications. To reinforce these results, larger cohort studies are necessary.