背景:照顾患有痴呆的亲属可能与照顾者的负面后果有关。可以经历的过程之一是预期的悲伤,这被定义为在被照顾者死亡之前出现在照顾者身上的痛苦和损失的感觉。
目的:这篇综述旨在概念化这一人群的预期悲伤,研究相关的心理社会变量,并了解对护理人员健康的影响。
方法:根据ProQuest中PRISMA声明的指示进行了系统搜索,PubMed,WebofScience(WOS),和Scopus数据库,包括过去10年(2013-2023年)发表的研究。
结果:共获得160篇,15最终被选中据观察,预期的悲伤被定义为一个模棱两可的过程,因为它出现在生病的家庭成员死亡之前。作为一名女性护理人员,患有痴呆症的家庭成员的配偶,与他有更密切的关系和/或在护理方面负有重要责任,与经历预期悲伤的机会更大。关于被照顾的人,如果他或她处于疾病的严重阶段,更年轻,和/或表现出有问题的行为,家庭照顾者也有更大的预期悲伤。预见性悲伤对照顾者的身体有重大影响,心理,和社会健康,伴随着更大的负担,抑郁症状,社会孤立。
结论:在痴呆症的背景下,预期悲伤是一个相关的概念,有必要将其纳入该人群的干预计划。
Taking care of a relative with dementia may be linked to negative consequences for the caregiver. One of the processes that can be experienced is anticipatory grief, that is defined as the feelings of pain and loss that appear in the caregiver before the death of the person cared for.
The review aimed to conceptualize anticipatory grief in this population, to study the related psychosocial variables, and to know the repercussions for the health of the caregiver.
A systematic search was made under the directives of PRISMA statement in the ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus databases, including studies published in the last 10 years (2013-2023).
A total of 160 articles were obtained, 15 being finally selected. It is observed that anticipatory grief is defined as an ambiguous process since it appeared before the death of the sick family member. Being a female caregiver, spouse of a family member with dementia, having a closer relationship with him and/or having an important responsibility in care, are associated with a greater chance of experiencing anticipatory grief. In relation to the person cared for, if he or she is in a severe phase of the disease, is younger, and/or presents problematic behaviours, there is also greater anticipatory grief in the family caregiver. Anticipatory grief has a significant impact on caregivers\' physical, psychological, and social health, being associated with greater burden, depressive symptomatology, and social isolation.
Anticipatory grief turns out to be a relevant concept in the context of dementia, being necessary to include it in intervention programs for this population.