背景:偏头痛是世界范围内普遍和致残的原发性头痛疾病,导致因残疾(YLD)而损失大量年,并影响日常生活的各个方面。尽管它的流行率很高,负担很大,缺乏关于临床模式和管理趋势的全面数据,在泰米尔纳德邦这样的地方,印度。本研究旨在通过调查和分析临床特征来填补空白,治疗模式,泰米尔纳德邦发作性偏头痛(EM)和慢性偏头痛(CM)患者的疾病负担。
方法:这项横断面回顾性研究是在神经内科进行的,马德拉斯医学院,钦奈,从2024年1月到2024年3月,为期三个月。该研究包括符合国际头痛疾病分类(ICHD)-3标准并在该部门接受治疗的18岁及以上的偏头痛患者。数据是通过患者访谈收集的,医疗记录,和咨询会议,并使用预先设计的问卷。患者人口统计学,临床特征,症状患病率,处方模式,并对疾病负担进行了相应的分析。偏头痛残疾评估(MIDAS)问卷用于衡量疾病负担。
结果:分析涉及400名偏头痛患者,其中92.5%具有EM,并且其中7.5%具有CM。患者平均年龄为37.5岁,以女性为主(73.5%)。与EM患者相比,CM患者每月平均头痛天数明显更高。紧张型头痛(TTH)和药物过度使用性头痛(MOH)在这些CM患者中更为普遍。触发因素包括睡眠不足,强光照射,和压力。糖尿病等合并症,肥胖,CM患者的抑郁水平明显升高。急性治疗包括NSAIDs和Triptans,而预防性治疗更常用于CM患者。CM患者的平均MIDAS评分明显较高,这表明更大的残疾。
结论:该研究为临床特征提供了有价值的见解,治疗模式,以及泰米尔纳德邦偏头痛患者的疾病负担,印度。EM和CM患者之间观察到显着差异,这凸显了全面管理战略的必要性。预防性治疗,改变生活方式,和全面的残疾评估对于解决偏头痛患者的可变需求以及减轻疾病负担都很重要。需要进一步的研究来探索影响该人群偏头痛结局的其他因素。
BACKGROUND: Migraine is a prevalent and disabling primary headache disorder worldwide, causing significant years lost due to disability (YLD) and impacting various aspects of everyday life. Despite its high prevalence and substantial burden, there is a lack of comprehensive data on clinical patterns and management trends, in places like Tamil Nadu, India. This study aims and also fill gaps by investigating and analyzing the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and illness burden among patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) in the state of Tamil Nadu.
METHODS: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Madras Medical College, Chennai, over a three-month period starting from January 2024 to March 2024. The study included migraine patients aged 18 years and above who met the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD)-3 criteria and took treatment at the department. Data were collected using patient interviews, medical records, and counseling sessions and using a pre-designed questionnaire. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, symptom prevalence, prescription patterns, and illness burden were analyzed accordingly. The Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire was used to measure the burden of illness.
RESULTS: The analysis involved 400 migraine patients, 92.5% of them having EM and 7.5% of them having CM. The mean age of patients was 37.5 years, with a predominance of females (73.5%). Patients with CM had having significantly higher average number of headache days per month when compared to those with EM. Tension-type headache (TTH) and medication-overuse headache (MOH) were more prevalent in those CM patients. Trigger factors include lack of sleep, bright light exposure, and stress. Comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, and depression were significantly higher in CM patients. Acute treatment included NSAIDs and Triptans, while preventive therapy was more commonly used in CM patients. The mean MIDAS score was significantly higher in CM patients, which indicates greater disability.
CONCLUSIONS: The study provides valuable insights into the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and burden of illness among migraine patients in Tamil Nadu, India. Significant differences were observed between EM and CM patients, which highlights the need for comprehensive management strategies. Preventive therapy, lifestyle modifications, and comprehensive assessment of disability are all important in addressing the variable needs of migraine patients and also reducing the burden of illness. Further research is necessary to explore additional factors influencing migraine outcomes in this population.