骨折钢板通常由钛合金或不锈钢制成,比骨头硬得多。然而,过于坚硬的钢板可以限制骨折处的轴向碎片间运动,导致延迟的骨痂形成和愈合。以及导致骨板下的骨“应力屏蔽”导致骨萎缩,骨吸收,和板松动。因此,以前已经做出了许多努力来开发使用合成纤维具有定制材料特性的非金属骨折板(例如,芳纶,碳,玻璃)在聚合物树脂中。即便如此,植物纤维(例如,亚麻,罗塞尔,剑麻)提供比合成纤维更多的优势,例如可用性,生物降解性,加工过程中毒性较小,更低的财务成本,和可回收性。因此,人们对单独使用植物纤维有了新的兴趣,或与合成纤维结合,增强聚合物的各种应用。因此,这是对由植物纤维单独增强或使用合成纤维补充的复合材料制成的创新骨折板的材料性能和工程性能的第一篇综述文章。本文介绍了材料级纤维性能(例如,弹性模量,极限强度),材料级板材属性(例如,疲劳强度,冲击韧性),和骨板工程性能(例如,总刚度,板应力),除了讨论一般发现,学习质量,未来的工作。这篇文章可以帮助工程师和外科医生设计,制造,分析,并利用新型骨折钢板。
Bone fracture plates are usually made from titanium alloy or stainless steel, which are much stiffer than bone. However, overly stiff plates can restrict axial interfragmentary motion at the fracture leading to delayed callus formation and healing, as well as causing bone \"stress shielding\" under the plate leading to bone atrophy, bone resorption, and plate loosening. Consequently, there have been many prior efforts to develop nonmetallic bone fracture plates with customized material properties using synthetic fibers (e.g., aramid, carbon, glass) in polymer resin. Even so, plant fibers (e.g., flax, roselle, sisal) offer additional advantages over synthetic fibers, such as availability, biodegradability, less toxicity during processing, lower financial cost, and recyclability. As such, there is an emerging interest in using plant fibers alone, or combined with synthetic fibers, to reinforce polymers for various applications. Thus, this is the first review article on the material properties and engineering performance of innovative bone fracture plates made from composite materials reinforced by plant fibers alone or supplemented using synthetic fibers. This article presents material-level fiber properties (e.g., elastic modulus, ultimate strength), material-level plate properties (e.g., fatigue strength, impact toughness), and bone-plate engineering performance (e.g., overall stiffness, plate stress), as well as discussing general findings, study quality, and future work. This article may help engineers and surgeons to design, fabricate, analyze, and utilize novel bone fracture plates.