背景:身体和社会环境是健康体重的重要预测因素,特别是在低社会经济地位(SEP)社区。许多荷兰市政当局已经实施了健康体重方法(HWA)。然而,还有改进的余地。这项系统科学研究研究了影响HWA设施和活动利用的因素,以及生活在低SEP社区的公民所感知的HWA系统中,哪些方面可以帮助实现所需的系统更改(也称为杠杆点主题(LPT))。
方法:所有研究阶段均由四名公民共同研究人员进行。对居住在低SEP社区的47名公民进行了半结构性采访,内容涉及附近的HWA设施和市政HWA活动。针对每个主题应用了快速编码定性分析方法。主题是公民健康生活描述,个人情况,以及对步行和自行车道的满意度,体育设施,游乐场,绿色空间,博物馆和剧院,社区中心,教堂,healthcare,学校,食品供应,与邻居接触,不熟悉和/或未使用的活动,熟悉和使用的活动,不可用,但需要(缺乏)活动,与公民接触。
结果:HWA设施和活动的利用受到社会凝聚力的总体主题的影响,熟悉度,达到公民,维护,安全,物理可达性,金融可及性,社会可达性,符合个人背景,并符合邻居的特定需求。不同的总体主题在不同的设施和活动中脱颖而出。LPT指出了特定活动或设施增加利用率所需的总体主题。例如,关于步行和自行车路径的LPT是“可访问的,安全,并保持步行和自行车路径。“关于熟悉和使用的活动的LPT是“定制的活动;信息提供(例如,关于不付费加入的可能性);社交联系,遇见别人,每个人都觉得包括\"。
结论:从系统的角度对生活在低SEP社区的公民进行包容性的定性研究为他们的需求提供了宝贵的见解。这通过提供对HWA系统内的LPT的更深入的理解来实现HWA的实际实现。LPT可以帮助HWA利益相关者进一步发展当前的HWA系统方法。未来的研究可以研究可能有助于LPT实施的杠杆点。
BACKGROUND: The physical and the social environment are important predictors of healthy weight, especially in low socioeconomic position (SEP) neighborhoods. Many Dutch municipalities have implemented a healthy weight approach (HWA). Yet, there is room for improvement. This system science study examined what influences the utilization of HWA facilities and activities, and what aspects can help to achieve a desired systems change (also called leverage point themes (LPTs)) in the HWA system as perceived by citizens living in low SEP neighborhoods.
METHODS: All research phases were performed with four citizens co-researchers. Forty-seven citizens living in low SEP neighborhoods were semi-structurally interviewed about the neighborhood HWA facilities and municipal HWA activities. A rapid coding qualitative analysis approach was applied per topic. The topics were citizens\' healthy living description, personal circumstances, and satisfaction with foot and cycle paths, sports facilities, playgrounds, green spaces, museums and theaters, community centers, churches, healthcare, school, food supplies, contact with neighborhood, unfamiliar and/or unused activities, familiar and used activities, unavailable but desired (lacking) activities, and reaching citizens.
RESULTS: The utilization of HWA facilities and activities was influenced by the overarching themes of social cohesion, familiarity, reaching citizens, maintenance, safety, physical accessibility, financial accessibility, social accessibility, fit with personal context, and fit with the neighborhood\'s specific needs. Different overarching themes stood out across different facilities and activities. LPTs indicated the overarching themes needed in combination with one another for a specific activity or facility to increase utilization. For example, the LPT regarding foot and cycle paths was \"accessible, safe, and maintained foot and cycle paths\". The LPTs regarding familiar and used activities were \"customized activities; information provision (e.g., about possibilities to join without paying); social contact, meeting others, and everyone feels included\".
CONCLUSIONS: Conducting inclusive qualitative research from a systems perspective among citizens living in low SEP neighborhoods has contributed valuable insights into their needs. This enables practical implementation of HWAs by providing a deeper understanding of the LPTs within the HWA system. LPTs can help HWA stakeholders to further develop current HWAs toward systems approaches. Future research could study the leverage points that may contribute to LPT implementation.