背景:中枢神经系统(CNS)的状态可以分为亚临界,关键,超临界状态赋予系统信息能力,传输能力,和动态范围。有必要对CNS与中央模式发生器(CPG)之间的关系进行进一步研究,以深入了解控制运动系统的机制。
方法:在本研究中,基于扩展的带时滞Hindmarsh-Rose模型,建立了分数阶CPG模型。使用复发性兴奋-抑制神经元网络进一步建立CNS模型。然后探索了这些CNS和CPG模型之间的耦合,展示了神经网络产生的振荡对周期性刺激做出反应的潜在手段。
结论:这些模拟产生了两组关键的发现。首先,当CPG在亚临界中被发送到CNS时,观察到频率滑动,关键,和具有不同外部刺激和分数阶指数值的超临界状态,表明当CPG和CNS耦合在一起时,频率滑动在多个时空尺度上调节脑功能。这些模拟的主要频率范围是在伽马波段观察到的。第二,随着外部输入的增加,中枢神经系统的相干性指数降低,证明强大的外部输入会引入神经元的随机性。然后减少神经网络同步,触发不规则的神经元放电。这些结果共同提供了对可能构成运动系统基础的潜在机制的新颖见解。
BACKGROUND: The states of the central nervous system (CNS) can be classified into subcritical, critical, and supercritical states that endow the system with information capacity, transmission capabilities, and dynamic range. A further investigation of the relationship between the CNS and the central pattern generators (CPG) is warranted to provide insight into the mechanisms that govern the locomotion system.
METHODS: In this study, we established a fractional-order CPG model based on an extended Hindmarsh-Rose model with time delay. A CNS model was further established using a recurrent excitation-inhibition neuronal network. Coupling between these CNS and CPG models was then explored, demonstrating a potential means by which oscillations generated by a neural network respond to periodic stimuli.
CONCLUSIONS: These simulations yielded two key sets of findings. First, frequency sliding was observed when the CPG was sent to the CNS in the subcritical, critical, and supercritical states with different external stimulus and fractional-order index values, indicating that frequency sliding regulates brain function on multiple spatiotemporal scales when the CPG and CNS are coupled together. The main frequency range for these simulations was observed in the gamma band. Second, with increasing external inputs the coherence index for the CNS decreases, demonstrating that strong external inputs introduce neuronal stochasticity. Neural network synchronization is then reduced, triggering irregular neuronal firing. Together these results provide novel insight into the potential mechanisms that may underlie the locomotion system.