由化学疗法引起的严重副作用和癌症化学抗性的发展代表了癌症治疗中最显著的限制。近年来已经开发了一些替代方法,基于天然化合物,并在癌症治疗方面取得了重要进展。在过去的50年里,海绵被认为是来自海洋环境的天然产物的有希望的来源,约占所有海洋天然产品的30%。在海绵中,地中海物种Geodiacydonium代表了这些类型产品的潜在来源,具有相当大的生物技术兴趣作为药物。本研究证明了有机G.cydonium提取物(GEOCYDO)对三种人间皮瘤细胞系的抗增殖作用,MSTO-211H(MSTO),NCI-H2452(NCI)和Ist-Mes2(Mes2),它们对顺铂和吡罗昔康的标准联合治疗的敏感性(MSTO和NCI)和耐药性(Mes2)不同。为了这个目标,通过分析提取物对细胞活力的影响来评估提取物的活性,通过集落形成试验,癌症特性和细胞周期进程,细胞周期分析和蛋白质表达分析。结果显示,在间皮瘤中,这种提取物能够减少自我更新,细胞迁移,它可以诱导细胞周期阻滞在G0/G1期,从而阻断细胞增殖。总之,据我们所知,目前的结果首次表明GEOCYDO可以含有能够影响间皮瘤细胞增殖的活性化合物,这表明它可以被认为是癌症治疗的潜在新药来源。
The serious side effects caused by chemotherapeutics and the development of cancer chemoresistance represent the most significant limitations in the treatment of cancer. Some alternative approaches have been developed in recent years, which are based on natural compounds, and have allowed important advances in cancer therapeutics. During the last 50 years, sponges have been considered a promising source of natural products from the marine environment, representing ~30% of all marine natural products. Among sponges, the Mediterranean species Geodia cydonium represents a potential source of these type of products with considerable biotechnological interest as pharmaceutical agents. The present study demonstrated the antiproliferative effect of an organic G. cydonium extract (GEOCYDO) against three human mesothelioma cell lines, MSTO-211H (MSTO), NCI-H2452 (NCI) and Ist-Mes2 (Mes2), which differ in their sensitivity (MSTO and NCI) and resistance (Mes2) to standard combined treatment with cisplatin and piroxicam. To this aim, the activity of the extract was evaluated by analyzing its effects on cell viability, cancer properties and cell cycle progression by means of colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis and protein expression analysis. The results revealed, in mesothelioma, this extract was able to reduce self-renewal, cell migration and it could induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 stage, thus blocking cell proliferation. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present results indicated for the first time that GEOCYDO can contain active compounds able to affect cell proliferation in mesothelioma, suggesting that it could be considered as a potential novel drug source for cancer treatment.