在过去的十年里,CRISPR已经迅速从长凳到床边,提供了一种新的治疗途径,不仅可以治疗遗传疾病,而且可以永久治愈它们。虽然有几个临床试验处于早期阶段,到目前为止,还没有基于CRISPR的皮肤病临床试验.在这次审查中,我们描述了多种皮肤疾病,这些疾病是基于CRISPR的治疗方法的理想靶标,这是由于已知的单基因突变引起的。我们还探讨了CRISPR核酸酶治疗湿疹和牛皮癣等炎症性疾病的潜力。这不是经典归类为遗传性皮肤病。我们描述了由各种CRISPR相关(Cas)效应蛋白指导的这些疾病的治疗解决方案,例如,使用Cas9永久编辑体细胞的DNA,Cas3靶向外源DNA以对抗病毒/细菌皮肤感染,和Cas13在永久性DNA编辑站不住脚的疾病中编辑突变的RNA转录本。此外,我们讨论了CRISPR疗法的各种药物递送方式,包括透皮贴剂和微针,这是唯一适合皮肤病。总之,我们强调了基于CRISPR的治疗方法在皮肤疾病治疗方面的潜力,其目标是为执业皮肤科医生提供服务.
Over the past decade, CRISPR has rapidly made its way from the bench to the bedside, providing a newfound therapeutic avenue to not only treat genetic diseases but also permanently cure them. Although there are several clinical trials in early stages, there are so far no CRISPR-based clinical trials for cutaneous disease. In this review, we describe multiple cutaneous diseases that represent ideal targets for CRISPR-based therapeutics owing to known single gene‒causing mutations. We also explore the potential of CRISPR nucleases to treat inflammatory disorders such as eczema and psoriasis, which are not classically categorized as genodermatoses. We describe the therapeutic solutions for these diseases that are guided by various CRISPR-associated (Cas) effector proteins, for example, using Cas9 to permanently edit the DNA of somatic cells, Cas3 to target foreign DNA to combat viral/bacterial skin infections, and Cas13 to edit mutated RNA transcripts in diseases where permanent DNA editing is untenable. Furthermore, we discuss various drug delivery modalities for CRISPR therapeutics, including transdermal patches and microneedles, which are uniquely suited for dermatological diseases. In summary, we highlight the potential of CRISPR-based therapeutics to revolutionize the treatment of cutaneous disease with a goal of being accessible to the practicing dermatologist.