背景:全氟烷基物质(PFAS)是由于其在环境中的存在而日益受到关注的新兴污染物,对生态系统和人类健康有潜在影响。这些物质被认为是“永远的化学物质”,因为它们难以降解,根据所分析的化合物和物种,它们在活生物体中的积累可能导致不同程度的毒性。此外,人们对通过食用食用植物的可食用部分将PFAS转移给人类的可能性提出了担忧。在这方面,评估潜在的毒性作用和全氟辛酸(PFOA)在食用植物中的积累,在温室中使用三周龄的罗勒(OcullbasilicumL.)植物进行盆栽实验,将PFOA添加到生长基质中以达到0.1、1和10mg千克-1dw。
结果:经过三周的培养,在添加了PFOA的底物中生长的植物积累了不同水平的PFOA,但在生物量生产方面与对照组没有显着差异,脂质过氧化水平(TBARS),α-生育酚的含量和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)的活性,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和愈创木酚过氧化物酶(POX)在叶片中。相反,观察到与底物中PFOA含量的增加相关的总酚含量(TPC)的减少。此外,与对照相比,暴露于PFAS的植物的叶绿素含量和光化学反射指数(PRI)没有变化。叶绿素荧光分析显示,PFOA暴露引发的快速光保护机制,对其他参数(Fv/Fm,ΦPSII和qP)。用1和10mgKg-1PFOAdw处理的植物中谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)的活性更高(对照为30%和50%,分别)平行于暴露于底物中不同PFOA浓度的植物叶片中PFOA的积累(51.8和413.9ngg-1dw,分别)。
结论:尽管在罗勒植物中吸收和积累了离散量的PFOA,生物识别分析的参数,叶片中的生理生化水平没有显示出任何损害作用,可能是由于可能涉及GST的解毒途径的激活。
BACKGROUND: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging contaminants of increasing concern due to their presence in the environment, with potential impacts on ecosystems and human health. These substances are considered \"forever chemicals\" due to their recalcitrance to degradation, and their accumulation in living organisms can lead to varying levels of toxicity based on the compound and species analysed. Furthermore, concerns have been raised about the possible transfer of PFASs to humans through the consumption of edible parts of food plants. In this regard, to evaluate the potential toxic effects and the accumulation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in edible plants, a pot experiment in greenhouse using three-week-old basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants was performed adding PFOA to growth substrate to reach 0.1, 1, and 10 mg Kg- 1 dw.
RESULTS: After three weeks of cultivation, plants grown in PFOA-added substrate accumulated PFOA at different levels, but did not display significant differences from the control group in terms of biomass production, lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS), content of α-tocopherol and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) in the leaves. A reduction of total phenolic content (TPC) was instead observed in relation to the increase of PFOA content in the substrate. Furthermore, chlorophyll content and photochemical reflectance index (PRI) did not change in plants exposed to PFAS in comparison to control ones. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis revealed an initial, rapid photoprotective mechanism triggered by PFOA exposure, with no impact on other parameters (Fv/Fm, ΦPSII and qP). Higher activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in plants treated with 1 and 10 mg Kg- 1 PFOA dw (30 and 50% to control, respectively) paralleled the accumulation of PFOA in the leaves of plants exposed to different PFOA concentration in the substrate (51.8 and 413.9 ng g- 1 dw, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Despite of the absorption and accumulation of discrete amount of PFOA in the basil plants, the analysed parameters at biometric, physiological and biochemical level in the leaves did not reveal any damage effect, possibly due to the activation of a detoxification pathway likely involving GST.