背景:柴胡(BR)已被公认为是缓解肝郁的重要中药。当代研究为其药理作用提供了令人信服的证据,包括消炎药,免疫调节,代谢调节,和抗癌特性,将其定位为各种肝病的有希望的治疗选择。肝炎,脂肪性肝炎,肝硬化,肝癌是世界范围内流行和有影响的肝脏疾病之一。然而,仍然缺乏全面的系统评价来探索处方,生物活性成分,以及BR治疗肝脏疾病的潜在机制。
目的:总结BR治疗肝病的中药方剂和成分及其作用机制,为进一步开发和研究提供参考。
方法:通过搜索PubMed,整理和总结了近三十年BR及其经典中药处方和成分的文献,威利,Springer,谷歌学者,WebofScience,CNKI,等。结果:BR及其经典处方,如小柴胡汤,大柴胡汤,SiNiSan,还有柴胡舒干三,几个世纪以来一直被用作肝病的有效疗法,包括肝炎,脂肪性肝炎,肝硬化,还有肝癌.BR是活性成分的丰富来源,比如柴胡皂苷,多糖,黄酮类化合物,固醇,有机酸,等等。这些生物活性化合物表现出广泛的有益效果,包括消炎药,抗氧化剂,免疫调节,和脂质代谢调节。然而,重要的是要承认BR及其成分也可以具有肝毒性,这与细胞色素P450(CYP450)酶和氧化应激有关。因此,在治疗应用中使用BR时应谨慎行事,以确保安全和适当地利用其潜在益处,同时将任何潜在风险降至最低。
结论:总而言之,BR,它的化合物,其基础中药通过多靶点有效治疗肝病,多种途径,和多种效果。未来BR及其生物活性成分的药理和毒理学研究的进展将为发现肝病的新疗法提供进一步的贡献。
BACKGROUND: Bupleuri Radix (BR) has been recognized as an essential herbal medicine for relieving liver depression for thousands of years. Contemporary research has provided compelling evidence of its pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, metabolic regulation, and anticancer properties, positioning it as a promising treatment option for various liver diseases. Hepatitis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer are among the prevalent and impactful liver diseases worldwide. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive systematic reviews that explore the prescription, bio-active components, and underlying mechanisms of BR in treating liver diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the BR classical Chinese medical prescription and ingredients in treating liver diseases and their mechanisms to inform reference for further development and research.
METHODS: Literature in the last three decades of BR and its classical Chinese medical prescription and ingredients were collated and summarized by searching PubMed, Wiley, Springer, Google Scholar, Web of Science, CNKI, etc. RESULTS: BR and its classical prescriptions, such as Xiao Chai Hu decoction, Da Chai Hu decoction, Si Ni San, and Chai Hu Shu Gan San, have been utilized for centuries as effective therapies for liver diseases, including hepatitis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. BR is a rich source of active ingredients, such as saikosaponins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, sterols, organic acids, and so on. These bioactive compounds exhibit a wide range of beneficial effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and lipid metabolism regulation. However, it is important to acknowledge that BR and its constituents can also possess hepatotoxicity, which is associated with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes and oxidative stress. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using BR in therapeutic applications to ensure the safe and appropriate utilization of its potential benefits while minimizing any potential risks.
CONCLUSIONS: To sum up, BR, its compounds, and its based traditional Chinese medicine are effective in liver diseases through multiple targets, multiple pathways, and multiple effects. Advances in pharmacological and toxicological investigations of BR and its bio-active components in the future will provide further contributions to the discovery of novel therapeutics for liver diseases.