各种有机污染物的出现使废水处理变得复杂,寻求可持续和有效的治疗技术已经引起了极大的关注。近年来,块状纳米气泡,它们具有与微气泡不同的非凡特性,包括在水中的高稳定性和长停留时间,大的比表面积,高气体传输效率和界面电位,以及产生自由基的能力,具有诱人的技术优势和应用前景。在这次审查中,详细总结了块状纳米气泡的基本特性,并系统地讨论了有关其在有机废水处理中的实施途径和机理的最新发现,其中包括改进气浮工艺,增加水曝气以推广包括生物活性炭在内的好氧生物技术,活性污泥,和膜生物反应器,并产生氧化有机化合物的活性自由基。最后,分析了目前块状纳米气泡的技术困难,并提出了未来纳米气泡技术研究的重点领域。
The occurrence of a variety of organic pollutants has complicated wastewater treatment; thus, the search for sustainable and effective treatment technology has drawn significant attention. In recent years, bulk nanobubbles, which have extraordinary properties differing from those of microbubbles, including high stability and long residence times in water, large specific surface areas, high gas transfer efficiency and interface potential, and the capability to generate free radicals, have shown attractive technological advantages and promising application prospects for wastewater treatment. In this review, the basic characteristics of bulk nanobubbles are summarized in detail, and recent findings related to their implementation pathways and mechanisms in organic wastewater treatment are systematically discussed, which includes improving the air flotation process, increasing water aeration to promote aerobic biological technologies including biological activated carbon, activated sludge, and membrane bioreactors, and generating active free radicals that oxidise organic compounds. Finally, the current technological difficulties of bulk nanobubbles are analysed, and future focus areas for research on bulk nanobubble technology are also proposed.