Abstract：
Nanobubbles (NBs) are classified in two distinct categories: surface and bulk. Surface NBs are readily observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), while the existence of bulk NBs has been a subject of debate, conflicting with the diffusion theory\'s predictions. Current methodologies for identifying bulk NBs yield inconclusive results. In this study, Langmuir Blodgett (LB) technique and AFM, are utilized to visualize NB imprints on anionic, cationic and zwitterionic lipid films deposited on glass-slide substrates. Our analysis of Langmuir monolayers compression isotherms reveals the impact of bulk NBs on lipid monolayer development. AFM scans of the deposited lipid films consistently show NB imprints. Notably, cationic and zwitterionic film depositions exhibit NB formations from the 1st layer, whereas in anionic films, these formations are observed only after the 3rd layer. These results suggest that the origin of these imprinted formations may be attributed to bulk NBs.
摘要：
纳米气泡(NBs)分为两个不同的类别:表面和本体。使用原子力显微镜(AFM)很容易观察到表面NB，虽然大量NB的存在一直是一个争论的话题，与扩散理论的预测相冲突。目前用于识别大量NB的方法产生了不确定的结果。在这项研究中,LangmuirBlodgett(LB)技术和AFM，用于可视化阴离子上的NB印记，沉积在载玻片基材上的阳离子和两性离子类脂膜。我们对Langmuir单层压缩等温线的分析揭示了大量NB对脂质单层发展的影响。沉积的脂质膜的AFM扫描一致显示NB印记。值得注意的是,阳离子和两性离子膜沉积显示出从第一层形成NB，而在阴离子薄膜中，只有在第三层之后才观察到这些地层。这些结果表明,这些印迹形成物的起源可归因于块状NB。
