钛植入物彻底改变了修复和重建疗法,然而,实现最佳骨整合和确保长期植入成功仍然是持续的挑战.在这次审查中,我们探索了一种尖端的方法来提高植入物的性能:紫外线(UV)光功能化。通过利用紫外线能量,光功能化使老化的植入物恢复活力,利用并经常超越钛材料的内在潜力。这篇叙述性评论的主要目的是提供关于该领域取得的进步的最新观点,提供最新发现的全面概述,并探索紫外线诱导的物理化学改变与细胞反应之间的关系。现在有令人信服的证据表明,光功能化引起的钛表面化学发生了重大转变,从富含碳氢化合物的表面过渡到无碳薄膜的表面,产生超亲水表面,和调节静电特性。这些变化与细胞附着的改善密切相关,传播,扩散,分化,and,最终,骨整合。此外,我们讨论了临床研究,证明了紫外光功能化在加速和增强牙种植体骨结合方面的功效。此外,我们深入研究最近的进展,包括一分钟真空UV(VUV)光功能化的发展,它解决了常规UV方法的局限性以及新发现的光功能化在调节软组织和细菌界面方面的功能。通过阐明表面科学与生物学之间的复杂关系,这项研究为旨在提高钛植入物临床性能的创新策略奠定了基础,标志着植入学的新时代。
Titanium implants have revolutionized restorative and reconstructive therapy, yet achieving optimal osseointegration and ensuring long-term implant success remain persistent challenges. In this review, we explore a cutting-edge approach to enhancing implant properties: ultraviolet (UV) photofunctionalization. By harnessing UV energy, photofunctionalization rejuvenates aging implants, leveraging and often surpassing the intrinsic potential of titanium materials. The primary aim of this narrative review is to offer an updated perspective on the advancements made in the field, providing a comprehensive overview of recent findings and exploring the relationship between UV-induced physicochemical alterations and cellular responses. There is now compelling evidence of significant transformations in titanium surface chemistry induced by photofunctionalization, transitioning from hydrocarbon-rich to carbon pellicle-free surfaces, generating superhydrophilic surfaces, and modulating the electrostatic properties. These changes are closely associated with improved cellular attachment, spreading, proliferation, differentiation, and, ultimately, osseointegration. Additionally, we discuss clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of UV photofunctionalization in accelerating and enhancing the osseointegration of dental implants. Furthermore, we delve into recent advancements, including the development of one-minute vacuum UV (VUV) photofunctionalization, which addresses the limitations of conventional UV methods as well as the newly discovered functions of photofunctionalization in modulating soft tissue and bacterial interfaces. By elucidating the intricate relationship between surface science and biology, this body of research lays the groundwork for innovative strategies aimed at enhancing the clinical performance of titanium implants, marking a new era in implantology.