这项研究评估了通过Chanchaga河的农业活动施用农药的影响,尼日利亚,使用六个月(2021年9月至2022年2月)获得的大型无脊椎动物数据集。四(4)站,以各种农业活动为特征,沿河取样。在两个季节的高峰期,使用气相色谱-质谱法(GC/MS)对水样中的有机氯农药残留(OCP)进行分析,发现高浓度的11种有机氯异构体,范围从0.01到0.81μg/L,平均浓度高于世界卫生组织设定的国际饮用水标准,联邦环境保护局,和欧盟。检测到的OCP的平均浓度记录为DDT(0.72μg/L),狄氏剂(0.59μg/L),百草枯(0.54μg/L),艾氏剂(0.49μg/L),Metribuzin(0.48μg/L),丁草胺(0.47μg/L),甲草胺(0.28μg/L),阿特拉津(0.23μg/L),苯酚(0.10μg/L),异狄氏剂(0.09μg/L),和苯(0.08μg/L)。阿特拉津,甲草胺,metribuzin,艾氏剂,苯酚,和异狄氏剂在两个季节表现出显著差异(p<0.05),而狄氏剂,丁草胺,百草枯,苯,DDT和DDT在两个季节中没有显着差异(p>0.05)。共收集了来自8个目18科19种的622个大型无脊椎动物个体。在旱季(58.17%)和雨季(41.83%)收集了更多的个体。规范对应分析(CCA)排序揭示了物种丰度与某些有机氯农药残留(例如DDT)之间的紧密关系,异狄氏剂,metribuzin,阿特拉津,苯,还有狄德林.大型无脊椎动物对OCP的响应表明Chanchaga河是一条受干扰的河流,和指示生物(Leestessp.,Coenagrionsp.,Zyxommasp.,Appasussp.,Chironomussp.,Lmnaeanatalensis,和Caridinanilotica)也可用于进一步的生物监测。
This study evaluated the impact of pesticide application through agricultural activities in Chanchaga River, Nigeria, using macroinvertebrate data sets obtained for six months (September 2021-February 2022). Four (4) stations, characterized by various agricultural activities, were sampled along the river. Analysis of the water samples for organochlorine pesticide residues (OCP) using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) at the peak of the two seasons revealed a high concentration of eleven isomers of organochlorine, which ranged from 0.01 to 0.81 μg/L, and a mean concentration that was above international drinking water standards set by the World Health Organization, the Federal Environmental Protection Agency, and the European Union. The mean concentration of detected OCP was recorded as DDT (0.72 μg/L), Dieldrin (0.59 μg/L), Paraquat (0.54 μg/L), Aldrin (0.49 μg/L), Metribuzin (0.48 μg/L), Butachlor (0.47 μg/L), Alachlor (0.28 μg/L), Atrazine (0.23 μg/L), Phenol (0.10 μg/L), Endrin (0.09 μg/L), and Benzene (0.08 μg/L). Atrazine, alachlor, metribuzin, aldrin, phenol, and endrin showed significant differences across the two seasons (p < 0.05), while dieldrin, butachlor, paraquat, benzene, and DDT showed no significant differences across the two seasons (p > 0.05). A total of 622 macroinvertebrate individuals from 19 species in 18 families from 8 orders were collected. More individuals were collected during the dry season (58.17 %) and the wet season (41.83 %). Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) ordination revealed a strong relationship between species abundance and some organochlorine pesticide residues such as DDT, endrin, metribuzin, atrazine, benzene, and dieldrin. The response of macroinvertebrates to OCP indicates that Chanchaga River is a disturbed river, and the indicator organisms (Lestes sp., Coenagrion sp., Zyxomma sp., Appasus sp., Chironomus sp., Lymnaea natalensis, and Caridina nililotica) can also be used for further biomonitoring.