The biomedical application of biodegradable polymers for addressing bone-related diseases has garnered considerable attention in recent years. Advances in material technology have expanded the repertoire of materials suitable for orthopedic implants, with nanomaterials playing a pivotal role in replicating crucial surface properties akin to natural tissues. This comprehensive review explores the evaluation of bioactive glass ceramics, shedding light on their properties and applications. The synthesis of composites through composite manufacturing has emerged as a strategy to enhance biocompatibility and biomechanical characteristics. They are addressing challenges associated with conventional implants and nanomaterials, whether in the form of functional nano coatings or nanostructured surfaces, present opportunities to refine implant techniques. Novel developments in orthopedic biomaterials, such as smart biomaterials, porous structures, and 3D implants, offer stimuli-responsive behavior to achieve desired implant shapes and characteristics. Bioactive and biodegradable porous polymer/inorganic composite materials are explored for bone tissue engineering scaffolds, aiming to promote bone formation and regeneration. As a prospective direction, the integration of stem cells into scaffolds hints at the creation of next-generation synthetic/living hybrid biomaterials, displaying high adaptability in biological settings. This review establishes a foundation for nanotechnology-driven biomaterials by elucidating fundamental design factors crucial for orthopedic implant performance and their response to cell differentiation, proliferation, and adhesion.

Developing biomaterials with high osteogenic properties is crucial for achieving rapid bone repair and regeneration. This study focuses on the application of nanocrystal hydroxyapatite (nHAp) as a drug carrier to load Fu Yuan Huo Xue Decoction (FYHXD), a traditional Chinese medicine derived from Angelica sinensis, aiming to achieve improved efficacy in treating bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Through a facile physical adsorption approach, the FTIR result emerges new characteristic absorption peaks in the range of 1200-950 cm-1, proving the successful absorption of FYHXD onto the nHAp with a loading efficiency of 39.76 %. The modified nHAp exhibits a similar shape to the bone-derived hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, and their diameter increases slightly after modification. The drug release assay implies the rapid release of FYHXD in the first 10 h, followed by a continuously slow release within 70 h. The developed nHAp effectively enhances the adhesion, spreading, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro, and significantly promotes their osteogenic differentiation, as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity. Overall, the biocomposites hold great promise as active ingredients for integration into bone-associated biomaterials, offering the potential to stimulate spontaneous osteogenesis without requiring exogenous osteogenic factors.

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) stands out as an incredibly efficient, environmentally conscious, and fast method for obtaining essential oils (EOs) from plants. These EOs are abundant in aromatic compounds that play a crucial role in various industries such as food, fragrances, cosmetics, perfumery, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare. While there is a wealth of existing literature on using supercritical fluids for extracting plant essential oils, there\'s still much to explore in terms of combining different techniques to enhance the SFE process. This comprehensive review presents a sophisticated framework that merges SFE with EO extraction methods. This inclusive categorization encompasses a range of methods, including the integration of pressurized liquid processes, ultrasound assistance, steam distillation integration, microfluidic techniques, enzyme integration, adsorbent facilitation, supercritical antisolvent treatments, molecular distillation, microwave assistance, milling process and mechanical pressing integration. Throughout this in-depth exploration, we not only elucidate these combined techniques but also engage in a thoughtful discussion about the challenges they entail and the array of opportunities they offer within the realm of SFE for EOs. By dissecting these complexities, our objective is to tackle the current challenges associated with enhancing SFE for commercial purposes. This endeavor will not only streamline the production of premium-grade essential oils with improved safety measures but also pave the way for novel applications in various fields.

Dysregulated inflammation after trauma or infection could result in the further disease and delayed tissue reconstruction. The conventional anti-inflammatory drug treatment suffers to the poor bioavailability and side effects. Herein, we developed an amphiphilic multifunctional poly (citrate-polyglycol-curcumin) (PCGC) nano oligomer with the robust anti-inflammatory activity for treating acute lung injury (ALI) and Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound. PCGC demonstrated the sustained curcumin release, inherent photoluminescence, good cellular compatibility, hemocompatibility, robust antioxidant activity and enhanced cellular uptake. PCGC could efficiently scavenge nitrogen-based free radicals, oxygen-based free radicals, and intracellular oxygen species, enhance the endothelial cell migration and reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors through the NF-κB signal pathway. Combined the anti-inflammation and antioxidant properties, PCGC can shortened the inflammatory process. In animal model of ALI, PCGC was able to reduce the pulmonary edema, bronchial cell infiltration, and lung inflammation, while exhibiting rapid metabolic behavior in vivo. The MRSA-infection wound model showed that PCGC significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, promoted the angiogenesis and accelerated the wound healing. The transcriptome sequencing and molecular mechanism studies further demonstrated that PCGC could inhibit multiple inflammatory related pathways including TNFAIP3, IL-15RA, NF-κB. This work demonstrates that PCGC is efficient in resolving inflammation and promotes the prospect of application in inflammatory diseases as the drug-loaded therapeutic system.

BACKGROUND: Assessing the biocompatibility of materials is crucial for ensuring the safety and well-being of patients by preventing undesirable, toxic, immune, or allergic reactions, and ensuring that materials remain functional over time without triggering adverse reactions. To ensure a comprehensive assessment, planning tests that carefully consider the intended application and potential exposure scenarios for selecting relevant assays, cell types, and testing parameters is essential. Moreover, characterizing the composition and properties of biomaterials allows for a more accurate understanding of test outcomes and the identification of factors contributing to cytotoxicity. Precise reporting of methodology and results facilitates research reproducibility and understanding of the findings by the scientific community, regulatory agencies, healthcare providers, and the general public.
OBJECTIVE: This article aims to provide an overview of the key concepts associated with evaluating the biocompatibility of biomaterials while also offering practical guidance on cellular principles, testing methodologies, and biological assays that can support in the planning, execution, and reporting of biocompatibility testing.

Endogenous stem cell homing refers to the transport of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to damaged tissue. The paradigm of using well-designed biomaterials to induce resident stem cells to home in to the injured site while coordinating their behavior and function to promote tissue regeneration is known as endogenous regenerative medicine (ERM). ERM is a promising new avenue in regenerative therapy research, and it involves the mobilizing of endogenous stem cells for homing as the principal means through which to achieve it. Comprehending how mesenchymal stem cells home in and grasp the influencing factors of mesenchymal stem cell homing is essential for the understanding and design of tissue engineering. This review summarizes the process of MSC homing, the factors influencing the homing process, analyses endogenous stem cell homing studies of interest in the field of skin tissue repair, explores the integration of endogenous homing promotion strategies with cellular therapies and details tissue engineering strategies that can be used to modulate endogenous homing of stem cells. In addition to providing more systematic theories and ideas for improved materials for endogenous tissue repair, this review provides new perspectives to explore the complex process of tissue remodeling to enhance the rational design of biomaterial scaffolds and guide tissue regeneration strategies.

Traumatology is the second most common dental pathology, after caries and before periodontal pathologies. It is currently accepted that one child in two suffers an alveolar-dental trauma before leaving school, with a peak incidence between the ages of 8 and 12, all types of trauma combined. The maxillary central incisors are most affected (79.6%), with mainly \"simple\" or \"complex\" coronal fractures when the pulp is involved. The main objective in managing these complex fractures is to preserve pulpal vitality within an acceptable timeframe.
The author presents three pulp vitality preservation therapies involving tissue preservation and regeneration techniques using bioactive materials applied directly to the pulp. Materials and clinical protocols are described.
Knowledge of pulp biology and healing processes has led to the development of vitality-preserving therapeutic strategies that have become essential in the management of traumatized teeth in children and adolescents. The regenerative potential of immature tooth pulp is considerable, enabling dentine repair through the use of bioactive materials. These therapies require a rigorous surgical approach that determines prognosis, and precise monitoring to ensure that any complications are intercepted.
La traumatologie est la deuxième pathologie dentaire la plus répandue après la carie et avant les pathologies parodontales. Il est actuellement admis qu’un enfant sur deux subit un traumatisme alvéolo-dentaire avant la fin de sa scolarité avec un pic d’incidence entre 8 et 12 ans, tous types de traumatismes confondus. Les incisives centrales maxillaires sont le plus touchées (79,6 %) avec principalement des fractures coronaires « simples » ou « complexes » lorsque la pulpe est impliquée. L’objectif majeur de la prise en charge de ces fractures complexes est la préservation de la vitalité pulpaire, dans un délai acceptable.
L’auteur présente les trois thérapeutiques de préservation de la vitalité pulpaire qui font appel à des techniques de préservation et de régénération tissulaire grâce à l’utilisation de matériaux bioactifs appliqués directement sur la pulpe. Les matériaux ainsi que les protocoles cliniques sont décrits.
L’acquisition des connaissances sur la biologie pulpaire et les processus de cicatrisation a permis la mise au point de stratégies thérapeutiques de préservation de la vitalité qui sont devenues incontournables dans la prise en charge des dents traumatisées chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Le potentiel régénérateur de la pulpe de la dent immature est considérable, permettant une réparation dentinaire grâce à l’utilisation de matériaux bioactifs. Ces thérapeutiques demandent une rigueur opératoire qui conditionne le pronostic et un suivi précis afin que toute complication éventuelle soit interceptée.

Novel biomaterials are becoming more crucial in treating human diseases. However, many materials require complex artificial modifications and synthesis, leading to potential difficulties in preparation, side effects, and clinical translation. Recently, significant progress has been achieved in terms of direct self-assembly of natural products from herbal medicine (NPHM), an important source for novel medications, resulting in a wide range of bioactive supramolecular materials including gels, and nanoparticles. The NPHM-based supramolecular bioactive materials are produced from renewable resources, are simple to prepare, and have demonstrated multi-functionality including slow-release, smart-responsive release, and especially possess powerful biological effects to treat various diseases. In this review, NPHM-based supramolecular bioactive materials have been revealed as an emerging, revolutionary, and promising strategy. The development, advantages, and limitations of NPHM, as well as the advantageous position of NPHM-based materials, are first reviewed. Subsequently, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the self-assembly strategies specific to seven major classes of NPHM is highlighted. Insights into the influence of NPHM structural features on the formation of supramolecular materials are also provided. Finally, the drivers and preparations are summarized, emphasizing the biomedical applications, future scientific challenges, and opportunities, with the hope of igniting inspiration for future research and applications.

UNASSIGNED: The present systematic review aims to assess the success rate of the pulp regeneration treatment, according to the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) criteria, using different bioactive materials in permanent teeth of pediatric subjects (6-17 years of age).
UNASSIGNED: The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. The question formulation was accomplished using the PICO model, and an electronic search was carried out on Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases till April 1, 2023. A total of 30 studies were established to fulfill the inclusion criteria of this systematic review.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 273 teeth have been treated with pulp regeneration treatment. By comparing different biomaterials and the success criteria defined by the AAE, the material associated with a higher success rate was found to be the white mineral trioxide aggregate. However, the overall success rate of pulp regeneration treatment was reported for 248 out of 273 teeth (91.20%).
UNASSIGNED: Data obtained support the potential that regenerative endodontics aids in continuing root development in permanent immature teeth. Further studies are needed for a more extensive evaluation of the use of different biomaterials and the success rate in regenerative endodontics.

Skin is the largest organ in the human body and requires proper dressing to facilitate healing after an injury. Wounds on movable parts, such as the elbow, knee, wrist, and neck, usually undergo delayed and inefficient healing due to frequent movements. To better accommodate movable wounds, a variety of functional hydrogels have been successfully developed and used as flexible wound dressings. On the one hand, the mechanical properties, such as adhesion, stretchability, and self-healing, make these hydrogels suitable for mobile wounds and promote the healing process; on the other hand, the bioactivities, such as antibacterial and antioxidant performance, could further accelerate the wound healing process. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in hydrogel-based movable wound dressings and propose the challenges and perspectives of such dressings.