嗜热菌的噬菌体由于其在许多生物地球化学中的重要作用而受到越来越多的关注。生态过程和生物技术应用,包括新兴的生物技术。然而,由于缺乏深入的调查,它们在已知的原核病毒层中代表性不足。因此,在各种环境中发现新型噬菌体宿主系统的潜力巨大:海洋和陆地温泉,堆肥桩,土壤,工业热水,在其他人中。这篇综述旨在提供迄今为止表征的热噬菌体的参考汇编,感染嗜热芽孢杆菌属细菌,主要来自地芽孢杆菌。我们列出了56个热生,其中大多数属于虹彩科,其他属于Myoviridae和Podoviridae家族,显然,一些属于Sphaerolipoviridae,昆虫科或皮质病毒科。它们的基因组都是由dsDNA组成的,要么是线性的,圆形的或循环排列的。已经对14个基因组进行了测序;它们的大小从35,055bp到160,590bp的异常大的基因组变化很大。我们还包括了我们未发表的关于TP-84的数据,该数据感染嗜热脂肪地芽孢杆菌(G.嗜热脂肪)。由于TP-84基因组序列与任何先前表征的噬菌体基本上没有相似性,我们已将TP-84定义为Siphoviridae家族中新提出的Tp84病毒属中的新物种。此处提供的信息摘要可能有助于比较破译热噬菌体生物学的分子基础,生物技术,并分析了热噬菌体对嗜热菌群落的影响的环境因素。
Bacteriophages of thermophiles are of increasing interest owing to their important roles in many biogeochemical, ecological processes and in biotechnology applications, including emerging bionanotechnology. However, due to lack of in-depth investigation, they are underrepresented in the known prokaryotic virosphere. Therefore, there is a considerable potential for the discovery of novel bacteriophage-host systems in various environments: marine and terrestrial hot springs, compost piles, soil, industrial hot waters, among others. This review aims at providing a reference compendium of thermophages characterized thus far, which infect the species of thermophilic \'Bacillus group\' bacteria, mostly from Geobacillus sp. We have listed 56 thermophages, out of which the majority belong to the Siphoviridae family, others belong to the Myoviridae and Podoviridae families and, apparently, a few belong to the Sphaerolipoviridae, Tectiviridae or Corticoviridae families. All of their genomes are composed of dsDNA, either linear, circular or circularly permuted. Fourteen genomes have been sequenced; their sizes vary greatly from 35,055 bp to an exceptionally large genome of 160,590 bp. We have also included our unpublished data on TP-84, which infects Geobacillus stearothermophilus (G. stearothermophilus). Since the TP-84 genome sequence shows essentially no similarity to any previously characterized bacteriophage, we have defined TP-84 as a new species in the newly proposed genus Tp84virus within the Siphoviridae family. The information summary presented here may be helpful in comparative deciphering of the molecular basis of the thermophages\' biology, biotechnology and in analyzing the environmental aspects of the thermophages\' effect on the thermophile community.