■日常生活活动(ADL)的限制会影响老年人的心理健康。我们将日常生活活动分为基本日常生活活动(BADL)和工具日常生活活动(IADL),并旨在通过使用具有全国代表性的横断面数据来探讨这两种局限性与中国老年人抑郁症状之间的关系。
■来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的数据(CHARLS,波4)被使用,和9,789名60岁及以上的老年人进行了筛查。10项流行病学研究中心抑郁症(CES-D-10)量表用于测量老年人的抑郁症状,使用12项ADL量表评估功能局限性.采用广义线性混合效应模型来检查BADL/IADL与老年人抑郁症状之间的关系。
■老年人中高风险抑郁症的患病率为43.5%,BADL和IADL的限制率为19.02%和25.29%,分别。高危抑郁症的患病率在吸烟亚组之间存在显着差异,饮酒,慢性疾病,睡眠时间,是否有社交活动,以及医疗保险的类型。BADL或IADL受限的老年人患抑郁症的风险高于BADL或IADL受限的老年人;BADL(OR调整=2.71;95%CI:2.40-3.06)和IADL(OR调整=2.68;95%CI:2.41-2.98)对老年人患抑郁症的风险有各种影响。
■ADL是中国老年人患抑郁症风险的相关因素。BADL和IADL对抑郁症的风险有不同的影响,这表明,有身体功能限制的老年人可能更容易患抑郁症。
The limitation of activities of daily living (ADL) affects the mental health of older adults. We distinguished activities of daily living into basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and aimed to explore the relationship between the two limitations and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults by using nationally representative cross-sectional data.
Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, wave 4) were used, and 9,789 older adults aged 60 years and above were screened. The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D-10) scale was used to measure the depressive symptoms of older adults, and a 12-item scale for ADL was used to estimate functional limitations. Generalized linear mixed-effect models were employed to examine the relationship between BADL/IADL and depressive symptoms among older adults.
The prevalence of high-risk depression among older adults was 43.5%, and the rates of limitation in BADL and IADL were 19.02 and 25.29%, respectively. The prevalence of high-risk depression significantly differed among subgroups of smoking, drinking, chronic diseases, duration of sleep, having social activities or not, and the type of medical insurance. Older adults with limited BADL or IADL were at a higher risk of depression than those without limitations of BADL or IADL; BADL (OR-adjusted = 2.71; 95% CI: 2.40-3.06) and IADL (OR-adjusted = 2.68; 95% CI: 2.41-2.98) had various influences on the risk of depression in older adults.
ADL was a related factor in the risk of depression among older adults in China. BADL and IADL had different effects on the risk of depression, suggesting that older adults with physical function limitations might be more likely to suffer from depression.