根结线虫(RKN)是一种重要的害虫,对马铃薯植物造成严重的产量损失和经济损失。使用化学农药来控制这些线虫已导致环境问题和线虫种群中抗性的发展。内生真菌提供了一种生态友好的替代方法来控制这些害虫,并产生具有抗RKN杀线虫活性的次生代谢产物。本研究的目的是评估黄曲霉(ON146363)的功效,从Trigonellafoenum-graecum种子中分离出的内生真菌,使用GC-MS分析在过滤的培养肉汤中对南方根结线虫的影响。其中,产生了各种杀线虫的次生代谢产物:油酸,油酸二乙醇酰胺,油酸,和棕榈酸.此外,生化化合物,如没食子酸,儿茶素,原儿茶酸,Esculatin,香草酸,邻苯二酚,Coumarine,肉桂酸,4,3-吲哚丁基乙酸和萘乙酸的HPLC。通过形态学和分子分析鉴定了真菌,包括核糖体DNA的ITS1-4区域。体外实验表明,黄曲霉的培养滤液对降低卵孵化次数和幼虫死亡率具有不同的作用,与阿维菌素相比,更高的浓度显示出更大的功效。该真菌抑制了马铃薯植株中M.incognita的发育和繁殖,减少90%和89%的虫卵数量,分别。黄曲霉增加了防御相关酶Chitinas的活性,催化剂,15、45和60天后的过氧化物酶。浓缩培养物的浸出显着将第二个幼体的生长期减少到97%/250g土壤,并减少了线虫向根部的渗透。A.通过土壤喷施黄质培养滤液改善了幼苗生长并减少了线虫的繁殖,导致对线虫感染的系统抗性。因此,黄曲霉可以成为马铃薯根结线虫的有效生物防治剂。这种方法为农民提供了可持续的解决方案,并最大限度地减少了对环境的影响。
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are a vital pest that causes significant yield losses and economic damage to potato plants. The use of chemical pesticides to control these nematodes has led to environmental concerns and the development of resistance in the nematode populations. Endophytic fungi offer an eco-friendly alternative to control these pests and produce secondary metabolites that have nematicidal activity against RKNs. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of Aspergillus flavus (ON146363), an entophyte fungus isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds, against Meloidogyne incognita in filtered culture broth using GC-MS analysis. Among them, various nematicidal secondary metabolites were produced: Gadoleic acid, Oleic acid di-ethanolamide, Oleic acid, and Palmitic acid. In addition, biochemical compounds such as Gallic acid, Catechin, Protocatechuic acid, Esculatin, Vanillic acid, Pyrocatechol, Coumarine, Cinnamic acid, 4, 3-indol butyl acetic acid and Naphthyl acetic acid by HPLC. The fungus was identified through morphological and molecular analysis, including ITS 1-4 regions of ribosomal DNA. In vitro experiments showed that culture filtrate of A. flavus had a variable effect on reducing the number of egg hatchings and larval mortality, with higher concentrations showing greater efficacy than Abamectin. The fungus inhibited the development and multiplication of M. incognita in potato plants, reducing the number of galls and eggs by 90% and 89%, respectively. A. flavus increased the activity of defense-related enzymes Chitinas, Catalyse, and Peroxidase after 15, 45, and 60 days. Leaching of the concentrated culture significantly reduced the second juveniles\' stage to 97% /250 g soil and decreased the penetration of nematodes into the roots. A. flavus cultural filtrates via soil spraying improved seedling growth and reduced nematode propagation, resulting in systemic resistance to nematode infection. Therefore, A. flavus can be an effective biological control agent for root-knot nematodes in potato plants. This approach provides a sustainable solution for farmers and minimizes the environmental impact.