背景:强调富含生物活性植物成分的负担得起的替代作物对于促进营养和确保粮食安全至关重要。AmaranthusblitumL.(AB)是一种具有传统历史的用于治疗肠道疾病的作物,蛔虫感染,和出血。本研究旨在评估AB各种提取物的驱虫和血液学活性,并研究导致这些活性的植物成分。
方法:从降低幼虫活力的角度评估了对旋毛虫的体外驱虫活性。基于对诱导的血小板聚集的抑制作用来评估抗血小板活性。Further,对外部途径的影响,内在途径,和血液凝固的最终共同阶段,通过测量凝血参数进行监测:凝血酶原时间(PT),活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT),和凝血酶时间(TT),分别。通过光谱分析阐明了分离化合物的结构。
结果:有趣的是,先前未描述的化合物(19),N-(顺式-对-香豆酰基)-β-色氨酸,分离并鉴定了21种已知化合物。通过所研究的AB提取物以1mg/mL证明了显着的体外杀幼虫活性。在测试的化合物中,化合物18(芦丁)显示出最高的杀幼虫活性。此外,化合物19和20(N-(反式-对-香豆酰基)-β-色氨酸)在48小时内诱导幼虫完全死亡。粗提物表现出43.42±11.69%的最小血小板聚集,与对照血浆中的76.22±14.34%相比。此外,粗提取物和两个化合物19和20显著抑制外源性凝血途径。
结论:这些发现扩大了人们对AB作为食物的营养价值的认识,具有预防血栓形成的能力,并为新的驱虫药和抗凝剂提供了有希望的来源。
BACKGROUND: Highlighting affordable alternative crops that are rich in bioactive phytoconstituents is essential for advancing nutrition and ensuring food security. Amaranthus blitum L. (AB) stands out as one such crop with a traditional history of being used to treat intestinal disorders, roundworm infections, and hemorrhage. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic and hematologic activities across various extracts of AB and investigate the phytoconstituents responsible for these activities.
METHODS: In vitro anthelmintic activity against Trichinella spiralis was evaluated in terms of larval viability reduction. The anti-platelet activities were assessed based on the inhibitory effect against induced platelet aggregation. Further, effects on the extrinsic pathway, the intrinsic pathway, and the ultimate common stage of blood coagulation, were monitored through measuring blood coagulation parameters: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT), respectively. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.
RESULTS: Interestingly, a previously undescribed compound (19), N-(cis-p-coumaroyl)-ʟ-tryptophan, was isolated and identified along with 21 known compounds. Significant in vitro larvicidal activities were demonstrated by the investigated AB extracts at 1 mg/mL. Among tested compounds, compound 18 (rutin) displayed the highest larvicidal activity. Moreover, compounds 19 and 20 (N-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-ʟ-tryptophan) induced complete larval death within 48 h. The crude extract exhibited the minimal platelet aggregation of 43.42 ± 11.69%, compared with 76.22 ± 14.34% in the control plasma. Additionally, the crude extract and two compounds 19 and 20 significantly inhibited the extrinsic coagulation pathway.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings extend awareness about the nutritional value of AB as a food, with thrombosis-preventing capabilities and introducing a promising source for new anthelmintic and anticoagulant agents.