废旧产品的回收可以为供应链参与者提供巨大的经济和环境效益。然而,与闭环供应链网络设计相关的许多因素在本质上是不确定的,包括需求,设施的开放成本,开放设施的容量,运输成本,和采购成本。因此,本研究提出了一种新的闭环供应链网络设计模糊规划模型,直接依赖于基于可信度度量的模糊排序方法。所提出的优化模型的目标旨在在选择网络节点之间的设施位置和运输路线时最小化网络的总成本。根据问题的特点,开发了一种具有新产品源编码方案的迁徙鸟类优化算法作为解决方案。产品来源编码方法的灵感来源于原材料供应商和生产厂在产品包装上的标签信息,以及交货单上各物流节点的信息。这种新颖的编码方法旨在解决四种传统编码方法的局限性:基于Prüfer数的编码,基于生成树的编码,基于森林数据结构的编码,和基于优先级的编码,从而增加启发式算法找到最优解的可能性。开发了35个说明性示例,以针对精确优化方法(LINGO)和遗传算法评估所提出的算法,蚁群优化,模拟退火,它们被认为是众所周知的元启发式算法。大量实验结果表明,即使对于大规模数值示例,该算法也能够在可接受的计算时间内提供最佳和高质量的解决方案。通过细致的敏感性分析证实了模型的适用性。此分析涉及将置信水平从50%递增地调整到100%,在5%的间隔内,关于模型的不确定参数。因此,它产生了宝贵的管理见解。本文的研究成果有望为供应链相关企业和利益相关者提供科学支持。
Recycling of used products can provide substantial economic and environmental benefits for supply chain players. However, many factors associated with the design of closed-loop supply chain networks are uncertain in their nature, including demand, opening cost of facilities, capacity of opened facilities, transportation cost, and procurement cost. Therefore, this study proposes a novel fuzzy programming model for closed-loop supply chain network design, which directly relies on the fuzzy ranking method based on a credibility measure. The objective of the presented optimization model aims at minimizing the total cost of the network when selecting the facility locations and transportation routes between the nodes of the network. Based on the problem characteristics, a Migratory Birds Optimization Algorithm with a new product source encoding scheme is developed as a solution approach. The inspiration for the product source coding method originates from the label information of raw material supplier and manufacturing factories on product packaging, as well as the information of each logistics node on the delivery order. This novel encoding method aims to address the limitations of four traditional encoding methods: Prüfer number based encoding, spanning tree based encoding, forest data structure based encoding, and priority based encoding, thereby increasing the likelihood of heuristic algorithms finding the optimal solution. Thirty-five illustrative examples are developed to evaluate the proposed algorithm against the exact optimization method (LINGO) and a Genetic Algorithm, Ant Colony Optimization, Simulated Annealing, which are recognized as well-known metaheuristic algorithms. The results from extensive experiments show that the proposed algorithm is able to provide optimal and good-quality solutions within acceptable computational time even for large-scale numerical examples. The suitability of the model is confirmed through a meticulous sensitivity analysis. This analysis involves adjusting the confidence level incrementally from 50% to 100%, in 5% intervals, with respect to the model\'s uncertain parameters. Consequently, it yields valuable managerial insights. The outcomes of this research are expected to provide scientific support for related supply chain enterprises and stakeholders.