当归是中医师长期使用的药物,以其补血和活血作用而闻名。阿魏酸,韧带内酯,和丁香酚在当归激活血液循环;然而,其补血作用的物质基础有待进一步研究。在这项研究中,分离出5种均一的当归多糖,和它们的含糖量,分子量,单糖组成,和红外特性确定。以乙酰苯肼(APH)和环磷酰胺(CTX)为诱导剂建立小鼠血虚模型,和器官指数,在小鼠中测量血液学和生化参数。体内造血活性检测结果表明,当归多糖(APS)能提高促红细胞生成素(EPO),粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF),和白细胞介素-3(IL-3)血清水平,降低小鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平,并通过调节细胞因子水平促进体内造血。体外血液补充的生物效价测试结果表明APS-H2O的补品活性最强,APS-0.4的造血活性最弱。对APS-H2O和APS-0.4的结构进行了表征,结果表明,APS-H2O是一种主链由α-1,3,5-Ara(f)组成的阿拉伯半乳聚糖,α-1,5-Ara(f),β-1,4-Gal(p),和β-1,4-Gal(p)A,和β-t-Gal(p)和α-t-Glc(p)的两个支链以(1→3)键与主链上的α-1,3,5-Ara(f)相互连接。APS-0.4是一种以半乳糖醛酸为主链的酸性多糖,由α-1,4-GalA组成,α-1,2-GalA,α-1,4-Gal,和β-1,4-Rha。总之,APS-H2O可作为血虚患者补血的潜在药物,为APS在临床治疗和保健食品中的应用提供依据,以及新型多糖药物的研发。
Angelica sinensis is a long-standing medicine used by Chinese medical practitioners and well-known for its blood-tonic and blood-activating effects. Ferulic acid, ligustilide, and eugenol in Angelica sinensis activate the blood circulation; however, the material basis of their blood-tonic effects needs to be further investigated. In this study, five homogeneous Angelica sinensis polysaccharides were isolated, and their sugar content, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and infrared characteristics determined. Acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) were used as inducers to establish a blood deficiency model in mice, and organ indices, haematological and biochemical parameters were measured in mice. Results of in vivo hematopoietic activity showed that Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (APS) could elevate erythropoietin (EPO), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3) serum levels, reduce tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in mice, and promote hematopoiesis in the body by regulating cytokine levels. Biological potency test results of the in vitro blood supplementation indicated strongest tonic activity for APS-H2O, and APS-0.4 has the weakest haemopoietic activity. The structures of APS-H2O and APS-0.4 were characterized, and the results showed that APS-H2O is an arabinogalactan glycan with a main chain consisting of α-1,3,5-Ara(f), α-1,5- Ara(f), β-1,4-Gal(p), and β-1,4-Gal(p)A, and two branched chains of β-t-Gal(p) and α-t-Glc(p) connected to each other in a (1→3) linkage to α-1,3,5-Ara(f) on the main chain. APS-0.4 is an acidic polysaccharide with galacturonic acid as the main chain, consisting of α-1,4-GalA, α-1,2-GalA, α-1,4-Gal, and β-1,4-Rha. In conclusion, APS-H2O can be used as a potential drug for blood replenishment in patients with blood deficiency, providing a basis for APS application in clinical treatment and health foods, as well as research and development of new polysaccharide-based drugs.