目的:土壤传播的线虫(STN)在热带和亚热带地区普遍存在,特别是在社区面临社会经济挑战的地方。我们调查了土壤温度对自由漫游犬STN感染的患病率和强度的影响。
方法:从康提区Digana和Pussellawa镇地区自由漫游的狗身上采集的新鲜粪便样本,斯里兰卡,对犬的STN进行了显微镜分析。在每个采样点测量土壤温度。高度流行的犬钩虫Ancylostoma,使用PCR和测序进一步研究,其次是系统发育分析。
结果:在Digana和Pussellawa中,土壤温度介于28至31°C(平均值=29.79°C)和18-21°C(平均值=19.52°C)之间,分别,显示两个位点的显著差异(学生t检验t=1.68,p<0.0001)。在总共44只狗的样本中,41例(93.2%)STN阳性。在显微分析中,五种线虫:Ancylostomaspp。,毛细管sp.,类圆线虫sp.,犬弓形虫,和Trichurissp.,已确定。环形目物种(93.2%)是最普遍的,其次是类圆巨石。(22.7%)和犬弓形虫(15.9%)。类圆圆线虫的感染率。Digana(40.9%)高于Pussellawa(4.5%;卡方检验,χ2=8.28,p=0.004)以及Digana的感染强度(EPG=8.02±20.2)与Pussellawa的感染强度(0.45±2.1;MannWhitneyU检验,p=0.006)。A.caninum的预期大小的扩增子(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2),和A.tubaeforme被生产。本文报道的A.caninum序列(OQ101719)在成对比较时显示与局部序列之一(MZ707153)的99.2%的最高相似性。
结论:Digana,土壤温度比Pussellawa高,有明显更高的患病率和感染强度,特别是类圆线虫。这项研究也标志着斯里兰卡钩虫物种A.tubaeforme的首次分子鉴定。
OBJECTIVE: Soil-transmitted nematodes (STNs) are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly where the communities are socio-economically challenged. We investigated the effect of soil temperature on the prevalence and intensity of STN infection in free-roaming dogs.
METHODS: Fresh faecal samples collected from free-roaming dogs in Digana and Pussellawa town areas in the Kandy District, Sri Lanka, were microscopically analysed for canine STNs. Soil temperature was measured at each sampling site. Highly prevalent canine hookworm Ancylostoma, was further studied using PCR and sequencing, followed by phylogenetic analysis.
RESULTS: The soil temperature ranged between 28 and 31 °C (mean = 29.79 °C) and 18-21 °C (mean = 19.52 °C) in Digana and Pussellawa, respectively, showing a significant difference in the two sites (Students t-test t = 1.68, p < 0.0001). Of the total 44 dogs sampled, 41 (93.2%) were positive for STNs. During microscopic analysis, five nematodes: Ancylostoma spp., Capillaria sp., Strongyloides sp., Toxocara canis, and Trichuris sp., were identified. Ancylostoma species (93.2%) were the most prevalent, followed by Strongyloides sp. (22.7%) and Toxocara canis (15.9%). Infection prevalence of Strongyloides sp. was higher in Digana (40.9%) compared to that in Pussellawa (4.5%; Chi-square test, χ2 = 8.28, p = 0.004) and also the infection intensity from Digana (EPG = 8.02 ± 20.2) compared to that from Pussellawa (0.45 ± 2.1; Mann Whitney U test, p = 0.006). Amplicons (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the expected size for A. caninum, and A. tubaeforme were produced. An A. caninum sequence reported here (OQ101719) illustrated the highest similarity of 99.2% to one of the local sequences (MZ707153) upon pairwise comparison.
CONCLUSIONS: Digana, with a higher soil temperature than Pussellawa, had a significantly higher prevalence and infection intensity, particularly Strongyloides sp. This study also signifies the first molecular identification of hookworm species A. tubaeforme in Sri Lanka.