BACKGROUND: The key step in evaluating the quality of clinical nursing practice education lies in establishing a scientific, objective, and feasible index system. Current assessments of clinical teaching typically measure hospital learning environments, classroom teaching, teaching competency, or the internship quality of nursing students. As a result, clinical evaluations are often insufficient to provide focused feedback, guide faculty development, or identify specific areas for clinical teachers to implement change and improvement. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to to construct a scientific, systematic, and clinically applicable evaluation index system of clinical nursing practice teaching quality and determine each indicator\'s weight to provide references for the scientific and objective evaluation of clinical nursing practice teaching quality.
METHODS: Based on the \"Structure-Process-Outcome\" theoretical model, a literature review and Delphi surveys were conducted to establish the evaluation index system of clinical nursing practice teaching quality. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine the weight of each indicator.
RESULTS: The effective response rate for the two rounds of expert surveys was 100%. The expert authority coefficients were 0.961 and 0.975, respectively. The coefficient of variation for the indicators at each level ranged from 0 to 0.25 and 0 to 0.21, and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.209 and 0.135, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). The final established index system included 3 first-level, 10 second-level, and 29 third-level indicators. According to the weights computed by the AHP, first-level indicators were ranked as \"Process quality\" (39.81%), \"Structure quality\" (36.67%), and \"Outcome quality\" (23.52%). Among the secondary indicators, experts paid the most attention to \"Teaching staff\" (23.68%), \"Implementation of teaching rules and regulations (14.14%), and \"Teaching plans\" (13.20%). The top three third-level indicators were \"Level of teaching staff\" (12.62%), \"Structure of teaching staff\" (11.06%), and \"Implementation of the management system for teaching objects\" (7.54%).
CONCLUSIONS: The constructed evaluation index system of clinical nursing practice teaching quality is scientific and reliable, with reasonable weight. The managers\' focus has shifted from outcome-oriented to process-oriented approaches, and more focus on teaching team construction, teaching regulations implementation, and teaching design is needed to improve clinical teaching quality.

Water scarcity in arid regions poses significant livelihood challenges and necessitates proactive measures such as rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems. This study focuses on identifying RWH sites in Dera Ghazi Khan (DG Khan) district, which recently experienced severe water shortages. Given the difficulty of large-scale ground surveys, satellite remote sensing data and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were utilized. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach was employed for site selection, considering various criteria, including land use/land cover, precipitation, geological features, slope, and drainage. Landsat 8 OLI imagery, GPM satellite precipitation data, soil maps, and SRTM DEM were key inputs. Integrating these data layers in GIS facilitated the production of an RWH potential map for the region. The study identified 9 RWH check dams, 12 farm ponds, and 17 percolation tanks as suitable for mitigating water scarcity, particularly for irrigation and livestock consumption during dry periods. The research region was classified into four RWH zones based on suitability, with 9% deemed Very Good, 33% Good, 53% Poor, and 5% Very Poor for RWH projects. The generated suitability map is a valuable tool for hydrologists, decision-makers, and stakeholders in identifying RWH potential in arid regions, thereby ensuring water reliability, efficiency, and socio-economic considerations.

Assessment of ecological security is essential for understanding the status of bay ecosystem and developing appropriate management strategy. Based on the driving force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) model, the demographic, economic, social, and ecological data of Laizhou Bay and its three neighboring counties were selected for the period from 2015 to 2021. An ecological security evaluation index system of Laizhou Bay containing 26 indicators was established, and the weights of each indicator were determined by the methods of AHP and EWM, and a comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security of Laizhou Bay was carried out by ESI. Correlations between indicators were analyzed by the Spearman\'s rank coefficient of correlation. The results showed that there were significant correlations between marine conditions and indicators such as population size in the surrounding area, mariculture area, industrial and domestic wastewater discharge, and treatment rate. Overall, from 2015 to 2021, the ecological security of Laizhou Bay showed a favorable trend, from a relatively unsafe level to a generally safe level, and then to a relatively safe level. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security of Laizhou Bay, we can recognize the utilization of marine resources and ecological carrying capacity, guide the rational development and utilization of marine resources, and promote the sustainable development of the marine economy.

In the dynamic sphere of building energy systems, this study explores advancements in energy integration, storage technologies, management practices, and occupant behavior, assessing sustainable energy practices, including emerging technologies like fuel cells and energy storage systems. It underscores the significance of efficient energy management, considering both renewable and conventional energy mechanisms. The study comprises four key strata: (i) a thorough literature review of recent energy trends, (ii) a comparative study of global energy patents using the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) database, (iii) a comprehensive analysis of building-energy patents, and (iv) expert-guided Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) evaluation. These realms encompass five primary sources: (i) energy-efficient building design, (ii) intelligent building automation, (iii) optimizing energy systems integration, (iv) energy storage, and (v) energy management and optimization. Findings reveal energy storage\'s dominance, with water energy storage and emerging hydrogen technology leading the trajectory. Global energy patent scrutiny underscores China, the United States, and Japan as influential players in optimizing energy markets. The research shapes energy futures, identifies gaps, and drives sustainable energy practices within the built environment, serving as a compass for policymakers and researchers.

The primary goal of national parks is to protect ecological environment, but also with the functions of scientific research, education, and recreation. Aiming for the realization of universal sharing, we used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct an ecotourism suitability evaluation system by selecting four factors, including landscape resources, ecological environment carrying capacity, recreation utilization capacity and social condition, taking Xiaoxiangling area of Giant Panda National Park and the surrounding communities as an example. We evaluated the ecotourism suitability based on GIS, and conducted a questionnaire survey of tourists, to propose suggestions on the functional zoning in terms of ecotourism suitability and subjective choice preferences of tourists. The results showed that the ecotourism suitability of the evaluation area could be classified into five levels. The most suitable areas were located nearby the natural landscape resources and far away from the core conservation area, and the least suitable areas distributed at the edge of the core conservation area. According to the results of suitability analysis, the evaluation area was divided into suitable development area, moderate development area, and restricted development area. Combined with the tourist preferences, we divided the recreational activities in the evaluation area into seven activities, namely, ecotourism, eco-camping, science education, leisure vacation, agricultural and animal husbandry culture experience, eco-education, and mountain adventure. These findings could help provide suitable services for different tourists and offer reference for the ecotourism developmental planning of the Xiaoxiangling area of the Giant Panda National Park.
国家公园的首要目标是生态保护,同时兼备科研、教育与游憩等功能。从实现全民共享出发,以大熊猫国家公园小相岭片区及周边社区为例,采用层次分析法,选取景观资源、生态环境承载力、游憩利用能力和社会条件4个因子构建生态旅游适宜性评价体系。基于GIS技术进行生态旅游适宜性评价,并开展游客问卷调查,从生态旅游适宜性和游客选择偏好两方面对评价区域的功能分区提出建议。结果表明: 评价区域生态旅游适宜性被划分为5个等级,适宜性最高的区域靠近自然景观资源且远离核心保护区,适宜性最低的区域分布在核心保护区边缘。根据适宜性分析结果,评价区可被划分为适宜发展区、适度发展区和限制发展区,结合游客偏好,评价区域游憩活动可被划分为7类:生态观光、生态露营、科普教育、休闲度假、农牧文化体验、生态教育与山地探险,该划分结果可为不同类型游客提供适宜的服务,并为小相岭片区开展生态旅游规划提供参考。.

Objective: To establish an evaluation model for occupational hazard prevention and control levels in coal mines, to explore the combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, to evaluate the overall situation of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines. Methods: In November 2021, Collect information of occupational hazards and their prevention and control status in 30 coal mines. AHP model was first constructed for the elements of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines. Then, the AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied to comprehensively evaluate and grade the occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines, using the principles of maximum membership and weighted average. Results: The hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results for typical coal mine were basically consistent with its occupational hazard prevention and control situation. The dust prevention and control situation was good, the noise prevention and control situation is average, the occupational health monitoring situation was good, the occupational health management situation was average, and the overall level of occupational hazard prevention and control was good. Conclusion: The hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for occupational hazard prevention and control levels, combined with the principles of maximum membership and weighted average, can objectively evaluate and reflect the overall situation of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines.
目的： 建立煤矿职业危害防治等级评估模型，探讨层次分析法和模糊综合评估结合应用，评估煤矿职业危害防治整体状况。 方法： 于2021年11月，收集30家煤矿的职业危害及其防治状况信息，构建煤矿职业危害防治工作要素的层次分析模型，应用层次分析和模糊综合评判法对煤矿的职业危害防治进行综合评估分级，评估原则为最大隶属度原则和加权平均原则。 结果： 针对典型煤矿单位的层次模糊综合评判结果与单位的职业危害防治情况基本一致，粉尘防治情况良好，噪声防控情况一般，职业健康监护情况良好，职业卫生管理情况一般，职业危害防治等级整体良好。 结论： 建立的职业危害防治等级的层次模糊综合评判模型，结合最大隶属度原则和加权平均原则，能客观地评估和反映煤矿职业危害防治的整体情况。.

Sustainability is a current topic in public open green spaces such as university campuses. In order to ensure the sustainability of the campus areas, it is necessary to determine the criteria for the sustainable campus landscape. Bursa Uludağ University Gorukle Campus in Bursa was chosen as the study area in this research. The aim of the study is to identify suitable sustainable campus criteria with a focus on landscape and to prioritize appropriate sustainable campus strategies determined according to these criteria. In this context, first, field studies and literature research were carried out. Second, sustainable campus criteria were classified as criteria and section. The section was then divided into credit. All these credits were ranked according to their priorities. Analytic hierarchy process, one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, was used while ranking. According to the result of the criteria, planting landscape components were determined to be more important than structural landscape components. Among the section, the transport category was found as the highest priority criterion. The use of vegetable wastes as compost was also determined as the most important criterion among all credits. The method and findings of this research may set an example for determining priorities of the sustainable campus criteria in Turkey and developing countries with a participatory management approach.

Sweetpotato variety breeding is always a long process. Screening of hybrid offspring is dominated by empirical judgment in this process. Data analysis and decision fatigue have been troubling breeders. In recent years, the low-efficiency screening mode has been unable to meet the requirements of sweetpotato germplasm innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a high-efficiency method that can screen germplasms for different usages, for mining elite genotypes, and to create dedicated sweetpotato varieties. In this article, the multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) model was constructed based on six agronomic traits, including fresh root yield, vine length, vine diameter, branch number, root number and the spatial distribution of storage roots, and five quality traits, including dry matter content, marketable root yield, uniformity of roots, starch content and the edible quality score. Among these, the edible quality score was calculated by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to integrate the sensory scores of color, odor, sweetness, stickiness and fibrous taste. The MCDM model was compared with the traditional screening method via an evaluation in 25 sweetpotato materials. The interference of subjective factors on the evaluation results was significantly reduced. The MCDM model is more overall, more accurate and faster than the traditional screening method in the selection of elite sweetpotato materials. It could be programmed to serve the breeders in combination with the traditional screening method.

Site selection for pistachio orchards is an important issue for sustainable agricultural policies, crop productivity, agricultural planning, and communities. This study aims to investigate suitable places for pistachio in the Mardin Province (SE Turkey) by considering several variables, such as meteorological data, topographic conditions, economic factors, and soil characteristics, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. Pistachio farmers, expert opinions, and literature data were used to determine the requirements for pistachio cultivation. Four main assessment criteria (thirteen sub-criteria), sixty value ranges, and fourteen exclusion criteria were determined for the pistachio land suitability assessment. The weighting of the evaluation criteria was calculated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Farmers and experts have stated that meteorological factors are more important than soil, topography, and economic factors. All data were transferred to the GIS environment, and a land suitability map was created using the weighted linear combination method. The results show that Mardin province has very suitable lands for pistachio cultivation. The resulting map determined that the 228,891.59 ha area in Mardin province is very suitable for pistachio. To evaluate the accuracy of the land suitability map generated for pistachio, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used. The value of the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to be 0.806, which indicates that the study is consistent. The created suitability map will be an essential data source for developing sustainable agricultural strategies in the Southeastern Anatolia region.

Proper disposal of solid waste is crucial for the protection of natural resources and human health. However, increasing population and changes in consumption habits have led to a global increase in solid waste production. Therefore, a site selection process for solid waste management that takes into account environmental, economic, and social factors is needed. The number of open-source GIS (geographic information system) software programs used in site selection analysis is increasing day by day. QGIS software is an open-source GIS software developed by free software developers, with its popularity increasing with each new version and allowing for the development of plugins with the Python programming language. The shareability of plugins developed with QGIS software brings together open-source GIS users around the world for common goals. In this study, a plugin called \"LANDFILL SITE SELECTION (LFSS)\" was developed in the QGIS software environment for solid waste landfill site selection and a suitability map was created for solid waste landfill site selection in Tokat, Turkey, using this plugin. For this purpose, 14 evaluation criteria and 8 exclusion criteria were selected, the importance levels of criteria and sub-criteria were determined using the AHP method, and a solid waste landfill site selection suitability map was created using the developed plugin.