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Abstract：
In the dynamic sphere of building energy systems, this study explores advancements in energy integration, storage technologies, management practices, and occupant behavior, assessing sustainable energy practices, including emerging technologies like fuel cells and energy storage systems. It underscores the significance of efficient energy management, considering both renewable and conventional energy mechanisms. The study comprises four key strata: (i) a thorough literature review of recent energy trends, (ii) a comparative study of global energy patents using the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) database, (iii) a comprehensive analysis of building-energy patents, and (iv) expert-guided Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) evaluation. These realms encompass five primary sources: (i) energy-efficient building design, (ii) intelligent building automation, (iii) optimizing energy systems integration, (iv) energy storage, and (v) energy management and optimization. Findings reveal energy storage\'s dominance, with water energy storage and emerging hydrogen technology leading the trajectory. Global energy patent scrutiny underscores China, the United States, and Japan as influential players in optimizing energy markets. The research shapes energy futures, identifies gaps, and drives sustainable energy practices within the built environment, serving as a compass for policymakers and researchers.
摘要：
在建筑能源系统的动态领域，这项研究探讨了能源整合的进步，存储技术,管理实践，和乘员行为，评估可持续能源实践，包括燃料电池和储能系统等新兴技术。它强调了高效能源管理的重要性，同时考虑可再生能源和常规能源机制。该研究包括四个关键层次：(I)对最近的能源趋势进行全面的文献综述，(二)利用世界知识产权组织(WIPO)数据库对全球能源专利进行比较研究,（三）全面分析建筑节能专利，和(Iv)专家指导的层次分析法(AHP)评价。这些领域包括五个主要来源：(I)节能建筑设计，(二)智能建筑自动化,（三）优化能源系统集成，(iv)能量储存，(五)能源管理和优化。研究结果揭示了储能的主导地位，水储能和新兴的氢技术引领了这一轨道。全球能源专利审查突显了中国，美国,和日本是优化能源市场的有影响力的参与者。这项研究塑造了能源未来，识别差距，并在建筑环境中推动可持续能源实践，作为政策制定者和研究人员的指南针。
