两性霉素-B(Am-B)的新制剂,对许多人类感染如寄生虫和真菌病原体最受欢迎的治疗药物,是安全的,经济,在世界上是有效的。还可以认为几种新设计的用于Am-B的载体系统具有足够的胃肠渗透性和良好的溶解性。然而,几种具有器官细胞毒性的Am-B新制剂的临床应用,低生物利用度,高成本,和技术问题引起了一些问题。因此,需要更多的关注和科学的设计来发展安全有效的药物输送系统。目前,纳米技术和纳米材料在药物递送系统发展中的应用显示出治愈许多人类全身性感染的有希望的结果。设计新型药物递送系统,包括固体脂质纳米结构材料,脂肪多聚体,药物偶联物和微针,脂质体,聚合物和蛋白质基纳米结构材料,树枝状聚合物,乳液,混合胶束,聚合物胶束,环糊精,纳米胶囊,和纳米脂质卷用于Am-B具有许多优点,可以减少几个相关问题。纳米结构颗粒的独特性质,如适当的形态,小尺寸,表面涂层,and,电荷,允许科学家设计针对微生物的新型纳米复合材料,用于各种人类疾病。这些特征使这些纳米颗粒成为临床治疗多种人类疾病的药物递送系统的理想候选物,几种治疗性纳米结构材料制剂处于不同的临床试验阶段。因此,本文主要讨论了Am-B用于治疗人类全身感染的新制剂的研究进展以及相关的临床试验。
New formulations of Amphotericin-B (Am-B), the most popular therapeutic drug for many human infections such as parasitic and fungal pathogens, are safe, economical, and effective in the world. Several newly designed carrier systems for Am-B can also be considered orally with sufficient gastrointestinal permeability and good solubility. However, the clinical application of several new formulations of Am-B with organ cytotoxicity, low bioavailability, high costs, and technical problems have caused some issues. Therefore, more attention and scientific design are required to progress safe and effective drug delivery systems. Currently, the application of nano-based technology and nanomaterials in the advancement of drug delivery systems exhibits promising outcomes to cure many human systemic infections. Designing novel drug delivery systems including solid lipid nanostructured materials, lipo-polymersomes, drug conjugates and microneedles, liposomes, polymer and protein-based nanostructured materials, dendrimers, emulsions, mixed micelles, polymeric micelles, cyclodextrins, nanocapsules, and nanocochleate for Am-B has many advantages to reducing several related issues. The unique properties of nanostructured particles such as proper morphology, small size, surface coatings, and, electrical charge, permit scientists to design new nanocomposite materials against microorganisms for application in various human diseases. These features have made these nanoparticles an ideal candidate for drug delivery systems in clinical approaches to cure a number of human disorders and currently, several therapeutic nanostructured material formulations are under different stages of clinical tests. Hence, this scientific paper mainly discussed the advances in new formulations of Am-B for the treatment of human systemic infections and related clinical tests.