由于其有利的性质,海藻酸钠是最令人感兴趣且研究和应用最多的生物聚合物之一。其中,easy,简单,温和,快速,二价阳离子的无毒胶凝作用是最重要的。此外,它是丰富的,低成本,环保,生物相容性,生物粘合剂,可生物降解,稳定,等。在这篇综述中系统地考虑了所有这些特性。类胡萝卜素是人类饮食中的功能成分,具有许多健康益处。然而,他们对环境和过程压力的敏感性,化学不稳定性,容易氧化,低水溶性,和生物利用度限制了它们的食品和药物应用。封装可能有助于克服这些限制,在这篇综述中,探索了基于藻酸盐的包封系统在提高类胡萝卜素的稳定性和生物利用度方面的作用。可以得出结论,所有基于藻酸盐的系统都会增加类胡萝卜素的稳定性,但只有微米和纳米尺寸的,以及基于乳液的,可能会改善它们的低生物可及性。此外,其他生物聚合物的掺入可以进一步改善包封体系的性质。此外,简要考虑了评估封装的主要技术。这篇综述批判性和深刻地解释了藻酸盐在改善类胡萝卜素包封过程中的作用,建议这些系统的最佳替代方案。此外,它全面介绍了这一领域的最新进展。
Sodium alginate is one of the most interesting and the most investigated and applied biopolymers due to its advantageous properties. Among them, easy, simple, mild, rapid, non-toxic gelation by divalent cations is the most important. In addition, it is abundant, low-cost, eco-friendly, bio-compatible, bio-adhesive, biodegradable, stable, etc. All those properties were systematically considered within this review. Carotenoids are functional components in the human diet with plenty of health benefits. However, their sensitivity to environmental and process stresses, chemical instability, easy oxidation, low water solubility, and bioavailability limit their food and pharmaceutical applications. Encapsulation may help in overcoming these limitations and within this review, the role of alginate-based encapsulation systems in improving the stability and bioavailability of carotenoids is explored. It may be concluded that all alginate-based systems increase carotenoid stability, but only those of micro- and nano-size, as well as emulsion-based, may improve their low bioaccessibility. In addition, the incorporation of other biopolymers may further improve encapsulation system properties. Furthermore, the main techniques for evaluating the encapsulation are briefly considered. This review critically and profoundly explains the role of alginates in improving the encapsulation process of carotenoids, suggesting the best alternatives for those systems. Moreover, it provides a comprehensive cover of recent advances in this field.