药物制剂传统上依赖于植物及其衍生物用于各种API和赋形剂。在加纳,车前草的广泛利用,不管他们的成熟,在加工的每个阶段都会产生大量废物,提出处置问题。令人着迷的是,这些废物,经常被丢弃,具有巨大的经济潜力,可以回收为有价值的原材料或产品。果胶,一种天然存在的多糖,最近兴趣激增。它在制药领域得到了广泛的应用,特别是作为片剂制剂中的粘合剂。本研究旨在评估两种流行车前草品种的果胶,不同成熟阶段的Apem(M)和Apantu(T),用于药物用作速释片剂中的粘合剂。选择的成熟阶段是成熟的绿色(G),半熟(H),和完全成熟(R)。两个品种的每个成熟阶段都使用酸(D)和碱(L)提取介质。以对乙酰氨基酚为模型药物,采用湿法制粒法制备颗粒剂,随后评估了它们的流动性能。压缩后测试,包括,硬度,脆性,重量均匀性,解体,分析,还评估了体外溶出度。来自所有制剂批次的颗粒具有良好的流动性能,由其静止角(14.93±1.41-21.80±1.41)表示,豪斯纳比率(0.96±0.27-1.22±0.02),和压缩率(%)(7.69±0.002-20.51±0.002)。所有片剂均通过重量的均匀性,没有偏差±5%。所有配制片剂的硬度范围在3.96±0.32和13.21±0.36之间,而所有片剂的脆碎度低于1%。药物含量在100.1±0.23%和103.4±0.01%之间。用果胶作为粘合剂以10%w/v和15%w/v的浓度配制的片剂成功地满足了立即释放片剂的崩解试验标准。然而,那些以20%w/v的浓度制备的(MGL,MHD,MHL,MRD,MRL,TGL,THD,THL,和TRL)未通过崩解试验。因此,所有批次的片剂均成功满足溶出度测试要求(Diss,Q>75%),除了未通过崩解试验的批次(Diss,Q<75%)。最终,使用酸和碱提取在不同成熟阶段从Apem和Apantu果皮中提取的果胶可以在商业上用作速释片剂中不同浓度的药物粘合剂。
Pharmaceutical formulations have traditionally relied on plants and their derivatives for various APIs and excipients. In Ghana, the widespread utilization of plantains, irrespective of their ripeness, generates significant waste at every stage of processing, posing disposal issues. Fascinatingly, these wastes, often discarded, possess significant economic potential and can be recycled into valuable raw materials or products. Pectin, a polysaccharide that occurs naturally, has seen a surge in interest in recent times. It has found widespread use in the pharmaceutical sector, particularly as a binding agent in tablet formulations. This study aimed to evaluate pectin from two popular plantain varieties, Apem (M) and Apantu (T) at different ripening stages, for pharmaceutical use as a binding agent in immediate-release tablets. The ripening stages selected were the matured-green (G), half-ripe (H), and full-ripe (R). Acid (D) and alkaline (L) mediums of extraction were employed for each ripening stage for both varieties. Wet granulation method was used to prepare the granules using paracetamol as a model drug, and their flow properties were subsequently assessed. Postcompression tests including, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, disintegration, assay, and in vitro dissolution were also assessed. Granules from all formulation batches had good flow properties indicated by their angle of repose (14.93 ± 1.41-21.80 ± 1.41), Hausner ratio (0.96 ± 0.27-1.22 ± 0.02), and compressibility (%) (7.69 ± 0.002-20.51 ± 0.002). All the tablets passed the uniformity of weight with none deviating by ±5%. The hardness of all the formulated tablets ranged between 3.96 ± 0.32 and 13.21 ± 0.36, while the friability for all tablets was below 1%. The drug content was between 100.1 ± 0.23% and 103.4 ± 0.01%. Tablets formulated with pectin as a binding agent at concentrations of 10% w/v and 15% w/v successfully met the disintegration test criteria for immediate release tablets. However, those prepared with a concentration of 20% w/v (MGL, MHD, MHL, MRD, MRL, TGL, THD, THL, and TRL) did not pass the disintegration test. Consequently, all batches of tablets successfully met the dissolution test requirement (Diss, Q > 75%), except for the batches that did not pass the disintegration test (Diss, Q < 75%). Ultimately, pectins extracted from the peels of Apem and Apantu at different ripening stages using acid and alkaline extraction can be commercially exploited as pharmaceutical binders at varying concentrations in immediate-release tablets.