This study effectively addresses the rapid deactivation of manganese-based catalysts in humid environments during ozone decomposition by introducing iron-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (Fe-OMS-2) catalysts supported on activated carbon (AC). By optimizing the doping ratio of Fe-OMS-2, the Fe-OMS-20.5/AC catalyst achieves nearly 100% ozone decomposition efficiency across a wide range of relative humidity levels (0 to 60%), even at elevated air flow rates of 800 L·g-1·h-1, outperforming standalone AC, Fe-OMS-2, or a simple mixture of OMS-2 and AC. The Fe-OMS-20.5/AC catalyst features a porous surface and a mesoporous structure, providing a substantial specific surface area that facilitates the uniform distribution of the Fe-OMS-2 active phase on the AC surface. The incorporation of Fe3+ ions enhances electron transfer between valence state transitions of Mn, thereby improving the catalyst\'s efficiency in ozone decomposition. Additionally, the AC component protects catalytic sites and enhances the catalyst\'s humidity resistance. In conclusion, this research presents a novel strategy for developing highly efficient and cost-effective ozone decomposition catalysts that enhance dehumidification, significantly contributing to industrial ozone treatment technologies and advancing environmental protection.

UNASSIGNED: Although substantial motion at the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) occurs during overhead shoulder motion, the influence of ACJ arthritis on postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) is unclear. We assessed the influence of ACJ arthritis, defined by degenerative radiographic changes, and its severity on clinical outcomes after primary rTSA.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively collected shoulder arthroplasty database of patients that underwent primary rTSA with a minimum 2-year clinical follow-up. Imaging studies of included patients were evaluated to assess ACJ arthritis classified by radiographic degenerative changes of the ACJ; severity was based upon size and location of osteophytes. Both the Petersson classification and the King classification (a modified Petersson classification addressing superior osteophytes and size of the largest osteophyte) were used to evaluate the severity of degenerative ACJ radiographic changes. Severe ACJ arthritis was characterized by large osteophytes (≥2 mm). Active range of motion (ROM) in abduction, forward elevation, and external and internal rotation as well as clinical outcome scores (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder, Constant, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, simple shoulder test, University of California, Los Angeles scores) were assessed both preoperatively and at the latest follow-up; outcomes were compared based on severity of ACJ arthritis. Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine whether increasing severity of ACJ arthritis was associated with poorer outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 341 patients were included with a mean age of 71 ± 8 years and 55% were female. The mean follow-up was 5.1 ± 2.4 years. Preoperatively, there were no differences in outcomes based on the severity of ACJ pathology. Postoperatively, there were no differences in outcomes based upon the severity of ACJ arthritis except for greater preoperative to postoperative improvement in active internal rotation in patients with normal or grade 1 ACJ arthritis vs. grade 2 and 3 (3 ± 2 vs. 1 ± 2 and 1 ± 3, P = .029). Patients with ACJ arthritis and osteophytes ≥2 mm had less favorable Shoulder Pain and Disability Index scores, corresponding to greater pain (-49.3 ± 21.5 vs. -41.3 ± 26.8, P = .015). On multivariable linear regression, increased severity of ACJ arthritis was not independently associated with poorer postoperative ROM or outcome scores.
UNASSIGNED: Overall, our results demonstrate that greater ACJ arthritis severity score is not associated with poorer outcome scores and has minimal effect on ROM. However, patients with the largest osteophytes (≥2 mm) did have slightly worse pain postoperatively. Radiographic presence of high-stage ACJ arthritis should not alter the decision to undergo rTSA.

Chromosomal rearrangements involving the neurotrophin kinase (NTRK) genes NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 with different fusion partners occur in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and other solid tumors. Novel NTRK rearrangement-related tumors are still being discovered.
Herin, we describe a male patient with a mass in the left upper lobe that was biopsied by bronchoscopy. This case was diagnosed with stage Ⅳ lung atypical carcinoid (AC) harboring the ETV6::NTRK3 gene fusion.
He received 1st line treatment with everolimus lasting for 4 months. After chemotherapy failure, he received 3rd treatment with VC004 in a phase 1/2 study and achieved stable disease, but he stopped taking it due to intolerance. He subsequently received repotrectinib treatment and achieved a partial response of more than ten months.
To the best of our knowledge, we reported the first case demonstrating anti-tumor activity of repotrectinib in a patient with AC carring an ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion, indicating that repotrectinib may be an efficient therapeutic option for tumors with NTRK gene rearrangements.

The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is a cortical oscillation induced by trains of 40 Hz acoustic stimuli. While the ASSR has been widely used in clinic measurement, the underlying neural mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the contribution of different stages of auditory thalamocortical pathway-medial geniculate body (MGB), thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), and auditory cortex (AC)-to the generation and regulation of 40 Hz ASSR in C57BL/6 mice of both sexes. We found that the neural response synchronizing to 40 Hz sound stimuli was most prominent in the GABAergic neurons in the granular layer of AC and the ventral division of MGB (MGBv), which were regulated by optogenetic manipulation of TRN neurons. Behavioral experiments confirmed that disrupting TRN activity has a detrimental effect on the ability of mice to discriminate 40 Hz sounds. These findings revealed a thalamocortical mechanism helpful to interpret the results of clinical ASSR examinations.Significance Statement Our study contributes to clarifying the thalamocortical mechanisms underlying the generation and regulation of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR), which is commonly used in both clinical and neuroscience research to assess the integrity of auditory function. Combining a series of electrophysiological and optogenetic experiments, we demonstrate that the generation of cortical ASSR is dependent on the lemniscal thalamocortical projections originating from the ventral division of medial geniculate body to the GABAergic interneurons in the granule layer of the auditory cortex. Furthermore, the thalamocortical process for ASSR is strictly regulated by the activity of thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) neurons. Behavioral experiments confirmed that dysfunction of TRN would cause a disruption of mice\'s behavioral performance in the auditory discrimination task.

Background: Limited information is currently available on the natural history and prognosis of two distinct histological subtypes of adenocarcinoma (AC) in the colon: mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the clinicopathological characteristics of colon MAC and SRCC, comparing them to classical AC, using a large cohort of cases from the United States. Methods: Patients diagnosed with colon AC, MAC, or SRCC from the SEER database between 2000 and 2018 were included in our study. Incidence trends, patient demographics, tumor characteristics, treatment, and survival were analyzed. Results: In our study, we analyzed a total of 310,813 patients with colon cancers, including 271,382 cases of classical AC, 34,750 cases of MAC, and 4,681 cases of SRCC. Over the study period, we observed a decline in the age-adjusted incidence rates of colon AC, MAC, and SRCC. Notably, the MAC and SRCC cohorts differed significantly from AC in terms of patient characteristics, tumor locations, and treatment patterns. Patients with MAC and SRCC had poorer survival outcomes compared to those with AC. Factors associated with worse survival included older age, male sex, poorly differentiated tumors, advanced stage, and the presence of MAC or SRCC histology. On the other hand, surgical intervention was associated with improved survival. Conclusion: Our study underscores the significance of recognizing the distinct features and outcomes associated with different histological subtypes of colon cancer. Further research is warranted to delve into the underlying biological traits that contribute to these differences and to develop more tailored treatment strategies.

Currently, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a significant group of membrane-bound receptors representing more than 30% of therapeutic targets. Fluorine is commonly used in designing highly active biological compounds, as evidenced by the steadily increasing number of drugs by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Herein, we identified and analyzed 898 target-based F-containing isomeric analog sets for SAR analysis in the ChEMBL database-FiSAR sets active against 33 different aminergic GPCRs comprising a total of 2163 fluorinated (1201 unique) compounds. We found 30 FiSAR sets contain activity cliffs (ACs), defined as pairs of structurally similar compounds showing significant differences in affinity (≥50-fold change), where the change of fluorine position may lead up to a 1300-fold change in potency. The analysis of matched molecular pair (MMP) networks indicated that the fluorination of aromatic rings showed no clear trend toward a positive or negative effect on affinity. Additionally, we propose an in silico workflow (including induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics, quantum polarized ligand docking, and binding free energy calculations based on the Generalized-Born Surface-Area (GBSA) model) to score the fluorine positions in the molecule.

OBJECTIVE: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of death in elderly patients. Recently, novel lipoproteins- Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Atherogenic Coefficient (AC) and Lipoprotein Combine Index (LCI) have been suggested as CAD risk factors; their clinical usefulness, however, remains unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the predictive value of AIP, AC and LCI concerning incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality in 1-year follow-up.
METHODS: For the study, 1,083 patients, aged 60 or older, with NSTEMI were enrolled and divided into two groups: young-old and old-old.
RESULTS: MACE occurred in 11.8 % of the patients; LCI showed a borderline significance, but only in univariate analysis. Analysis in groups revealed ambiguous results. None of the examined indices was a predictor of MACE in the young-old group whereas all three of them were significant, but negative predictors in the old-old group. Finally, all-cause mortality at follow-up was 14.9 %. AC predicted 1-year mortality in the whole study population (OR = 1.1 (95% CI: 1-1.2; p = 0.02), but was insignificant in the multivariable model. Additionally, it was an independent predictor in the old-old group, but with borderline significance (OR = 1.14 (95% CI: 1-1.3, p = 0.036).
CONCLUSIONS: AIP, AC and LCI should not be used as predictors of MACE and 1-year mortality among elderly patients with NSTEMI (Tab. 5, Ref. 23).

Solar-driven evaporation is a promising technology for desalinating seawater and wastewater without mechanical or electrical energy. The approaches to obtaining fresh water with higher evaporation efficiency are essential to address the water-scarcity issue in remote sensing areas. Herein, we report a highly efficient solar evaporator derived from the nanocomposite of anatase TiO2/activated carbon (TiO2/AC), which was coated on washable cotton fabric using the dip-dry technique for solar water evaporation. The ultra-black fabric offers enhanced solar absorption (93.03%), hydrophilic water transport, and an efficient evaporation rate of 1.65 kg/m2h under 1 kW m-2 or one sun solar intensity. More importantly, the sideways water channels and centralized thermal insulation of the designed TiO2/AC solar evaporator accumulated photothermal heat at the liquid and air interface along with an enhanced surface temperature of 40.98 °C under one sun. The fabricated solar evaporator desalinated seawater (3.5 wt%) without affecting the evaporation rates, and the collected condensed water met the standard of drinking water set by the World Health Organization (WHO). This approach eventually enabled the engineering design groups to develop the technology pathways as well as optimum conditions for low-cost, scalable, efficient, and sustainable solar-driven steam generators to cope with global water scarcity.

Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common condition resulting from exposure to allergens such as pollen, animal dander, or mold. It is typically mediated by allergen-induced crosslinking of immunoglobulin E attached to receptors on primed conjunctival mast cells, which results in mast cell degranulation and histamine release, as well as the release of lipid mediators, cytokines, and chemokines. The clinical result is conjunctival hyperemia, tearing, intense itching, and chemosis. Refractory and chronic cases can result in ocular surface complications that may be vision threatening. Patients who experience even mild forms of this disease report an impact on their quality of life. Current treatment options range from non-pharmacologic therapies to ocular and systemic options. However, to adequately control AC, the use of multiple agents is often required. As such, a precise understanding of the immune mechanisms responsible for this ocular surface inflammation is needed to support ongoing research for potential therapeutic targets such as chemokine receptors, cytokine receptors, non-receptor tyrosine kinases, and integrins. This review utilized several published articles regarding the current therapeutic options to treat AC, as well as the pathological and immune mechanisms relevant to AC. This review will also focus on cellular and molecular targets in AC, with particular emphasis on potential therapeutic agents that can attenuate the pathology and immune mechanisms driven by cells, receptors, and molecules that participate in the immunopathogenesis and immunopathology of AC.

Postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (post-CEA) has recently been reported to be a reliable prognostic factor for colon cancer. However, most clinicians decide whether or not to conduct adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for stage II colon cancer according to major guidelines, which do not include post-CEA in their high-risk criteria. The present study aimed to assess post-CEA in stage II colon cancer for which the significance of AC is unknown. The present study analyzed 199 consecutive patients with stage II colon cancer who underwent curative surgery between January 2007 and December 2016. The CEA value was considered high when it was ≥5.0 ng/ml. The prognostic value of high post-CEA values was assessed. Overall, 19 patients exhibited high post-CEA levels. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis demonstrated that patients with high post-CEA levels had significantly worse relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with normal post-CEA [RFS, 63.5 (high post-CEA) vs. 88.0% (normal post-CEA), P=0.003; OS, 76.5 (high post-CEA) vs. 96.8% (normal post-CEA), P<0.001]. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high post-CEA remained a significant independent risk factor for worse RFS [hazard ratio (HR), 3.98; P=0.006]. The same was also demonstrated for patients without AC (HR, 5.43; P=0.008). To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to demonstrate that high post-CEA levels may be an indicator of high-risk stage II colon cancer, even for patients without AC. These results highlight the need for a multicenter prospective study.