背景:确定乳房X线摄影乳腺密度(MBD)的生物学驱动因素,乳腺癌的一个重要危险因素,可以深入了解乳腺癌的病因和预防。关于饮食因素和MBD的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果。有,然而,关于饮食生物标志物和MBD关联的数据非常有限。
目的:我们旨在研究绝经前妇女维生素和相关辅因子代谢产物与MBD的关系。
方法:我们在华盛顿大学医学院每年的乳房X光检查中招募的700名绝经前妇女的空腹血浆样本中测量了37种维生素和相关的辅因子代谢产物。圣路易斯,MO.体积百分比用于评估体积百分比密度(VPD),致密体积(DV),和非致密体积(NDV)。我们估计了VPD的最小二乘均值,DV,和NDV跨越每个代谢物的四分位数,以及来自多个协变量调整线性回归的代谢物在连续尺度上的回归系数。我们使用Benjamini-Hochberg程序对多次测试进行了校正,以将错误发现率(FDR)控制在5%的水平。
结果:参与者平均VPD为10.5%。两种维生素A代谢产物(β-隐黄质和胡萝卜素二醇2)呈正相关,一种维生素E代谢物(γ-生育酚)与VPD呈负相关。平均VPD在β-隐黄质的四分位数中增加(Q1=7.2%,Q2=7.7%,Q3=8.4%,Q4=9.2%;趋势p=1.77E-05,FDRp值=1.18E-03)。γ-生育酚四分位数的平均VPD下降(Q1=9.4%,Q2=8.1%,Q3=8.0%,Q4=7.8%;趋势p=4.01E-03,FDRp值=0.04)。7种代谢物与NDV相关:3种维生素E(γ-CEHC葡糖苷酸,delta-CEHC,和γ-生育酚)和一种维生素C(古洛酸盐),呈正相关,而两种维生素A(胡萝卜素二醇2和β-隐黄质)和一种维生素C(苏糖酸盐)与NDV呈负相关。没有代谢物与DV显著相关。
结论:我们报道了绝经前妇女中维生素和相关辅因子代谢产物与MBD的新关联。
Identifying biological drivers of mammographic breast density (MBD), a strong risk factor for breast cancer, could provide insight into breast cancer etiology and prevention. Studies on dietary factors and MBD have yielded conflicting results. There are, however, very limited data on the associations of dietary biomarkers and MBD.
We aimed to investigate the associations of vitamins and related cofactor metabolites with MBD in premenopausal women.
We measured 37 vitamins and related cofactor metabolites in fasting plasma samples of 705 premenopausal women recruited during their annual screening mammogram at the Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Volpara was used to assess volumetric percent density (VPD), dense volume (DV), and nondense volume (NDV). We estimated the least square means of VPD, DV, and NDV across quartiles of each metabolite, as well as the regression coefficient of a metabolite in continuous scale from multiple covariate-adjusted linear regression. We corrected for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure to control the false discover rate (FDR) at a 5% level.
Participants\' mean VPD was 10.5%. Two vitamin A metabolites (β-cryptoxanthin and carotene diol 2) were positively associated, and one vitamin E metabolite (γ-tocopherol) was inversely associated with VPD. The mean VPD increased across quartiles of β-cryptoxanthin (Q1 = 7.2%, Q2 = 7.7%, Q3 = 8.4%%, Q4 = 9.2%; P-trend = 1.77E-05, FDR P value = 1.18E-03). There was a decrease in the mean VPD across quartiles of γ-tocopherol (Q1 = 9.4%, Q2 = 8.1%, Q3 = 8.0%, Q4 = 7.8%; P -trend = 4.01E-03, FDR P value = 0.04). Seven metabolites were associated with NDV: 3 vitamin E (γ-CEHC glucuronide, δ-CEHC, and γ-tocopherol) and 1 vitamin C (gulonate) were positively associated, whereas 2 vitamin A (carotene diol 2 and β-cryptoxanthin) and 1 vitamin C (threonate) were inversely associated with NDV. No metabolite was significantly associated with DV.
We report novel associations of vitamins and related cofactor metabolites with MBD in premenopausal women.