背景:更年期过渡是影响健康的重要事件,幸福,和生活质量。更年期通常发生在44-57岁之间,伴有潮热等症状,情绪变化,和睡眠障碍。绝经后也会增加心血管疾病的风险,中风,和骨质疏松症。尽管它很重要,更年期研究和讨论不足,特别是关于慢性社会心理压力的影响。
方法:定性范围审查,定量,并进行了混合方法研究,以绘制有关美国慢性社会心理压力人群向更年期过渡的现有文献。审查遵循了PRISMA-ScR方法,使用MeSH术语在PubMed和SCOPUS数据库中系统地搜索文献。包括针对更年期症状和社会心理压力源的研究。使用Covidence软件进行数据提取和制图。
结果:纳入了15项研究,强调社会经济地位之间的关系,亲密伴侣暴力,童年虐待,和影响更年期经历的种族差异。收入较低,更高的感知压力,对更年期的消极态度与心理和躯体症状的增加以及更年期的早期发作(在45岁之前)有关。与白人妇女相比,非洲裔美国妇女的发病时间更早,血管舒缩症状更严重。女性退伍军人比普通人群更频繁地使用激素治疗,尤其是那些有情绪障碍或焦虑症的人。审查还发现了地理偏见,大多数研究都在东北部进行,中西部,和美国西部地区。
结论:这篇综述强调了考虑社会,文化,了解更年期经历和解决健康差异的环境因素。未来的研究应旨在包括不同的人群,并采用纵向和定性的研究设计,以捕捉更年期经历的动态性质。在慢性社会心理压力的背景下,有必要采取旨在改善更年期妇女福祉的政策和干预措施。
背景:不适用。
BACKGROUND: The transition to menopause is a significant event affecting health, well-being, and quality of life. Menopause typically occurs between the ages of 44-57, accompanied by symptoms such as hot flashes, mood changes, and sleep disturbances. Being postmenopausal also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and osteoporosis. Despite its importance, menopause is under-researched and under-discussed, particularly concerning the impact of chronic psychosocial stress.
METHODS: A scoping review of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research was conducted to map existing literature on the transition to menopause among populations experiencing chronic psychosocial stress in the United States. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR methodology, systematically searching literature in PubMed and SCOPUS databases using MeSH terms. Studies were included which focused on menopausal symptoms and psychosocial stressors. Data extraction and charting were performed using Covidence software.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included, highlighting relationships between socioeconomic status, intimate partner violence, childhood abuse, and racial disparities which influenced menopausal experiences. Lower- income, higher perceived stress, and negative attitudes towards menopause were associated with increased psychological and somatic symptoms and early onset of menopause (prior to age 45). African American women were found to experience earlier onset and more severe vasomotor symptoms compared to their White counterparts. Women veterans used hormone therapy more frequently than the general population, particularly those with mood or anxiety disorders. The review also identified a geographic bias, with most studies conducted in the Northeast, Midwest, and Western regions of the United States.
CONCLUSIONS: This review underscores the necessity of considering social, cultural, and environmental factors in understanding menopausal experiences and addressing health disparities. Future research should aim to include diverse populations and adopt longitudinal and qualitative study designs to capture the dynamic nature of menopausal experiences. Policies and interventions directed at improving the well-being of women experiencing menopause in the context of chronic psychosocial stress are warranted.
BACKGROUND: N/A.