背景:青光眼是全世界人群中的公共卫生问题。据报道,饮食作为可改变的因素与青光眼有关。这项研究旨在探讨美国成年人碳水化合物(CH)摄入量和质量与青光眼之间的关系。
方法:在这项横断面研究中,≥40岁参与者的数据来自2005-2008年国家健康和营养调查(NHANES).通过24小时饮食回忆访谈获得CH摄入量信息。通过重新分级的椎间盘图像定义青光眼。协变量包括人口统计信息,体检,实验室值,并发症和营养摄入。使用加权单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型来评估CH摄入量的数量和质量与青光眼之间的关系。根据高血压病史进行亚组分析,进一步评估相关性。
结果:加权人群包括总共4789名参与者,其中119人(2.48%)患有青光眼。在调整了年龄之后,肾上腺皮质类固醇,高血压,慢性肾脏疾病,糖尿病和能量摄入,高数量(OR=1.83,95CI:1.08~3.11)和低质量(OR=0.44,95CI%:0.20~0.98)的CH摄入与青光眼的几率较高相关.高的CH摄入量(OR=2.06,95CI:1.15-3.69)与高血压患者青光眼的高几率相关,而高质量的CH摄入(纤维与CH之比:OR=0.23,95CI:0.06-0.82;CH与纤维和纤维与添加糖之比:OR=0.10,95CI:0.02-0.53)与无高血压参与者的青光眼几率较低相关.
结论:在NAHNES2005-2008中,较高数量和较低质量的CH摄入量与青光眼的高几率相关,尤其是没有高血压的患者。本研究从膳食摄入角度为青光眼患者的健康管理提供理论依据。
BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a public health problem among the worldwide population. Dietary as a modifiable factor have been reported to be associated with glaucoma. This study aimed to explore the association between
quantity and quality of carbohydrate (CH) intake and glaucoma among U.S. adults.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data of participants aged ≥ 40 years old were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. CH intake information were obtained by 24-h dietary recall interview. Glaucoma was defined by regraded disc images. Covariates included demographic information, physical examination, laboratory values, complications and nutrients intake. The weighted univariable and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the
quantity and quality of CH intake and glaucoma. Subgroup analyses based on the history of hypertension were further assessed the association.
RESULTS: The weighted population included a total of 4789 participants, of whom 119 (2.48%) had glaucoma. After adjusting for age, adrenal cortical steroids, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes and energy intake, high
quantity (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.08-3.11) and low quality (OR = 0.44, 95CI%: 0.20-0.98) of CH intake were associated with the higher odds of glaucoma. High
quantity of CH intake (OR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.15-3.69) was associated with the high odds of glaucoma in hypertension, while high quality of CH intake (fiber-to-CH ratio: OR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.82; CH-to-fiber and fiber-to-added sugars ratio: OR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.53) were associated with the lower odds of glaucoma in participants without hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: In NAHNES 2005-2008, higher
quantity and lower quality CH intake were associated with the high odds of glaucoma, especially among patients without hypertension. This study provides a theoretical basis for the health management of glaucoma patients from the perspective of dietary intake.