植物面临许多阻碍其生长和生产力的环境压力,包括生物制剂,如食草动物和寄生微生物,以及非生物因素,如寒冷,干旱,盐度,和高温。为了应对这些挑战,植物已经制定了一系列的防御策略。其中,植物抗菌蛋白和肽(APP)已成为一种有前途的解决方案。由于它们的广谱活性,结构稳定性,和不同的行动机制,APP是补充和增强传统农业方法的强大工具,显著提高植物防御能力和生产力。这篇综述侧重于对APP的不同研究,强调它们在对抗植物病原体和增强植物抵抗生物和非生物胁迫方面的关键作用。从体外研究开始,我们探索APP如何对抗各种植物病原体。然后,我们深入研究了APP针对生物应激引发的防御机制,展示其对细菌和真菌疾病的有效性。此外,我们强调了APP在缓解与气候变化相关的非生物挑战方面的作用。最后,我们讨论了当前应用在农业中的应用,强调他们在可持续农业实践方面的潜力,以及在这一领域进行未来研究的必要性。
Plants face numerous environmental stresses that hinder their growth and productivity, including biotic agents, such as herbivores and parasitic microorganisms, as well as abiotic factors, such as cold, drought, salinity, and high temperature. To counter these challenges, plants have developed a range of defense strategies. Among these, plant antimicrobial proteins and peptides (APPs) have emerged as a promising solution. Due to their broad-spectrum activity, structural stability, and diverse mechanisms of action, APPs serve as powerful tools to complement and enhance conventional agricultural methods, significantly boosting plant defense and productivity. This review focuses on different studies on APPs, emphasizing their crucial role in combating plant pathogens and enhancing plant resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. Beginning with in vitro studies, we explore how APPs combat various plant pathogens. We then delve into the defense mechanisms triggered by APPs against biotic stress, showcasing their effectiveness against bacterial and fungal diseases. Additionally, we highlight the role of APPs in mitigating the abiotic challenges associated with climatic change. Finally, we discuss the current applications of APPs in agriculture, emphasizing their potential for sustainable agricultural practices and the need for future research in this area.