背景:多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种影响全球许多女性的内分泌和代谢紊乱,其特征是慢性无排卵,雄激素过多症,和卵巢功能障碍。胎盘来源的间充质干细胞(PDMSCs)来自胎盘,在可用性方面优于其他来源的MSCs,安全,和免疫调节。
方法:在本实验研究中,将20只雌性Wistar大鼠分为四组(n=5),包括对照组,sham,PCOS,和PCOS+PDMSC组。然后,通过给予来曲唑21天在大鼠中诱导PCOS。通过尾静脉注射PDMSC(1×106个细胞)。细胞输注14天后,对健康卵泡的数量进行评估,黄体,囊性卵泡以及睾丸激素水平,卵泡刺激素(FSH),黄体生成素(LH),空腹血糖,空腹胰岛素,和胰岛素抵抗。此外,血清胆固醇水平,甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白(HDL),测定低密度脂蛋白(LDL)。还通过评价天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平来确定肝功能。
结果:黄体和原始体的数量,小学,次要,与PCOS组相比,PCOS+PDMSCs组的窦卵泡明显升高。然而,PCOS+PDMSCs组囊性卵泡数量明显减少。LH和睾酮水平也显著下降,PCOS+PDMSCs组FSH水平显著升高。空腹血糖水平,空腹胰岛素,PCOS+PDMSCs组胰岛素抵抗显著降低。此外,在PCOS+PDMSCs组中,随着胆固醇的显著降低,LDL,和TG和HDL的增加。PCOS+PDMSCs组的AST和ALT水平也表现出显著下降。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,PDMSCs是PCOS的潜在治疗选择,因为它们可以有效地恢复卵泡生成并纠正激素失衡,PCOS大鼠模型的血脂和肝功能障碍。然而,PDMSCs治疗PCOS的安全性和有效性尚需进一步研究.
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine and metabolic disturbance that affects many women worldwide and is characterized by chronic anovulation,
hyperandrogenism, and ovarian dysfunction. Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PDMSCs) are derived from the placenta and have advantages over other sources of MSCs in terms of availability, safety, and immunomodulation.
METHODS: In this experimental study, twenty female Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n = 5) including control, sham, PCOS, and PCOS+PDMSCs groups. Then, PCOS was induced in the rats through administering letrozole for 21 days. PDMSCs (1 × 106 cells) were injected through the tail vein. Fourteen days after the cell infusion, evaluation was performed on the number of healthy follicles, corpus luteum, and cystic follicles as well as the levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance. Moreover, the serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were measured. Liver function was also determined by the evaluation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
RESULTS: The number of corpus luteum and primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles was significantly elevated in the PCOS+PDMSCs group compared to the PCOS group. However, the number of cystic follicles significantly decreased in the PCOS+PDMSCs group. The LH and testosterone levels also decreased significantly, while FSH levels increased significantly in the PCOS+PDMSCs group. The levels of fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance notably decreased in the PCOS+PDMSCs group. Moreover, the lipid profile improved in the PCOS+PDMSCs group along with a significant decrease of cholesterol, LDL, and TG and an increase in HDL. The PCOS+PDMSCs group exhibited marked decreases in the AST and ALT levels as well.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that PDMSCs are a potential treatment option for PCOS because they can effectively restore folliculogenesis and correct hormonal imbalances, lipid profiles and liver dysfunction in a rat model of PCOS. However, further research is needed to establish the safety and effectiveness of PDMSCs for treating PCOS.