背景:参与前检查(PPEs)是非标准化的筛查工具,通常用于在新的竞争赛季开始之前收集运动员的基线健康信息。然而,许多PPEs包含与女性运动员健康问题相关的最少且通常是非特异性的问题.缺乏女性运动员特定的健康问题可能会导致错过危险信号以及随后的伤害或疾病。因此,这个范围审查的目的是(a)确定哪些女性运动员特定的健康问题目前存在于PPEs的科学文献,以防止伤害和疾病,和(b)对照国际奥林匹克委员会(IOC)关于女运动员的共识声明补充中概述的健康领域绘制结果。
方法:我们搜索了Embase,Scopus,CINAHL,MedlineOvid,和SPORTDiscus从成立到2022年12月。任何关于女性运动员特定健康PPE问题或问题建议的研究(即,月经健康,饮食习惯,肌肉骨骼健康,等。)被包括在内。三名审稿人独立筛选标题和摘要,其次是资格和数据提取的全文文章,与由第三方审阅者解决的冲突。将提取的数据总结为3个确定的分组。
结果:在筛选的1356项研究中,41人被纳入本研究。40项研究(98%)包括与月经健康有关的问题/建议。31项研究(76%)有关于饮食失调/饮食习惯的问题/建议。二十四项研究(59%)涉及体重/图像,16项研究(39%)涉及肌肉骨骼健康。没有研究包括所有国际奥委会女性运动员健康领域的问题。
结论:目前在PPEs中包含的女性运动员特定健康内容方面存在差距。更全面的,应制定标准化的PPE,重点是纳入女性运动员的特定健康问题和考虑因素,以改善世界各地女性运动员的健康和最佳参与。
BACKGROUND: Preparticipation examinations (PPEs) are unstandardized screening tools routinely used to collect an
athlete\'s baseline health information prior to the start of a new competitive season. However, many PPEs include minimal and often nonspecific questions related to the health concerns of female athletes. A lack of female
athlete specific health questions could result in missed red flags and subsequent injury or illness. As such, the objectives of this scoping review were to (a) determine what female
athlete specific health questions currently exist in PPEs in the scientific literature to prevent injury and illness, and (b) map the results against the health domains outlined in the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement supplement on the female athlete.
METHODS: We searched Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline Ovid, and SPORTDiscus from inception to December 2022. Any study with female athlete specific health PPE questions or recommendations for questions (i.e., menstrual health, eating habits, musculoskeletal health, etc.) was included. Three reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by full text articles for eligibility and data extraction, with conflicts resolved by a third-party reviewer. Extracted data were summarized into 3 determined groupings.
RESULTS: Of the 1356 studies screened, 41 were included in this study. Forty studies (98%) included questions/recommendations related to menstrual health. Thirty-one studies (76%) had questions/recommendations concerning disordered eating/eating habits. Twenty-four studies (59%) referred to body weight/image, and 16 studies (39%) referred to musculoskeletal health. No studies included questions on all IOC female
athlete health domains.
CONCLUSIONS: There is currently a gap in female
athlete specific health content included in PPEs. A more comprehensive, standardized PPE with a focus on inclusion of female athlete specific health questions and considerations should be developed to improve health and optimal participation of female athletes around the world.