■为了探索年龄之间的关系,性别,运动类型,在一项审美运动(体操)和一项非审美运动(篮球)中,年轻运动员对身体满意度的完美主义自我表现和动机。这项研究假设(1)年龄,性别和运动类型(审美或非审美)将预测身体满意度得分,(2)自主动机与身体满意度呈正相关;(3)完美主义自我呈现与身体满意度呈负相关。
■横截面。
■招募了209名10-22岁(中位数=13)的运动员(132名体操运动员和77名篮球运动员)。经过数据筛选,200名运动员被纳入分析(女性:n=155;男性:n=45)。参与者完成了一项在线调查,评估人口统计信息,运动员动机(运动中的行为调节问卷),完美主义自我表现(完美主义自我表现量表-初级形式)和身体满意度(身体欣赏量表-2)。
■分层多元回归显示年龄,自我分配的性别,和完美主义自我展示的两个方面(即,完美主义的呈现和不披露缺陷)来预测报告的身体满意度水平。随后,增加动机变量并不能改善模型。适度分析表明,不披露缺陷与身体满意度之间的关系显着受到性别的调节。
■完美主义自我表现的两个方面与报告的身体满意度相关。此外,男女运动员之间的不披露缺陷与身体满意度之间的关系似乎有所不同。研究人员应该超越运动类型,并确定因素(例如,完美主义的自我表现)在个人和环境层面上,可以保护年轻运动员的身体满意度。
UNASSIGNED: To explore the relationships between age, gender, type of sport, perfectionistic self-presentation and motivation on body satisfaction among young athletes in one aesthetic sport (gymnastics) and one non-aesthetic sport (basketball). The
study hypothesise that (1) age, gender and type of sport (aesthetic or non-aesthetic) will predict body satisfaction scores, (2) autonomous motivation will positively be related to body satisfaction and (3) perfectionistic self-presentation will negatively be related to body satisfaction.
UNASSIGNED: Cross-sectional.
UNASSIGNED: 209 athletes (132 gymnasts and 77 basketball players) aged 10-22 (median=13) years were recruited. After data screening, 200 athletes were included in analyses (females: n=155; males: n=45). Participants completed an online survey, which assessed demographic information,
athlete motivation (Behavioural Regulation in Sport Questionnaire), perfectionistic self-presentation (Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale-Junior Form) and body satisfaction (Body Appreciation Scale-2).
UNASSIGNED: Hierarchical multiple regression showed age, self-assigned gender, and two facets of perfectionistic self-presentation (ie, perfectionistic presentation and non-disclosure of imperfection) to predict reported levels of body satisfaction significantly. Subsequently, adding motivational variables did not improve the model. A moderation analysis showed that the relationship between non-disclosure of imperfection and body satisfaction was significantly moderated by gender.
UNASSIGNED: Two facets of perfectionistic self-presentation were associated with reported body satisfaction. Additionally, the relationship between non-disclosure of imperfection and body satisfaction appears to differ between female and male athletes. Researchers should move beyond sport types and identify factors (eg, perfectionistic self-presentation) at the individual and environmental levels that can protect young athletes\' body satisfaction.