Linburg-Comstock syndrome is an acquired symptomatic restrictive thumb index finger flexor tenosynovitis involving a hypertrophic tenosynovium between flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus. Patients may report synkinetic movement of the thumb and index finger, pain and swelling. We present the case of a woman in her 80s who presented with painless Linburg-Comstock syndrome after a trapeziectomy 4 months earlier for trapeziometacarpal arthritis. A literature review of PubMed-indexed case reports found that Linburg-Comstock syndrome has never been described in a post-trapeziectomy patient. This unusual presentation that arose as a side effect of hand surgery remains unreported in the literature. We present this unique complication as the first such case in the world. This case report is a valuable addition to the existing knowledge on the complications of trapeziectomy surgery.

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis, characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and variable disease progression. Ultrasonography has emerged as a valuable tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of PsA, providing real-time visualization of joint and soft tissue abnormalities. This review highlights recent advancements in ultrasonographic techniques for the assessment of PsA, including the identification of typical features, the role of power Doppler imaging in detecting active inflammation, and the potential of ultrasound for guiding treatment decisions. Additionally, we discuss the utility of ultrasound in assessing treatment response and monitoring disease progression in patients with PsA, with a focus on novel imaging modalities. By elucidating the evolving role of ultrasonography in PsA management, this article aims to enhance clinicians\' understanding of its utility in facilitating early diagnosis, optimizing treatment strategies, and improving patient outcomes.

BACKGROUND: We report on cases of isolated fourth extensor compartment tenosynovitis without evidence of systemic inflammation that occurred in the context of alteration in the work environment due to the COVID-19 epidemic. Early identification of the deleterious effects of virtual/technologically-dependent work from home can aid in treatment and prevention of these conditions. We describe the phenomenon and suggest a treatment approach.

De Quervain\'s tenosynovitis is characterized by swelling of muscles (abductor pollicis longus (APL) and extensor pollicis (EPB) brevis), and they are located at the base of the thumb. This is a very irritating and painful condition. In many cases, late detection causes an increase in inflammation, and due to prolonged ignorance and neglect, the patient suffers from pain and discomfort that affects and restricts their daily routine work. The disorder tenosynovitis is triggered by preexisting tendon degeneration induced by excessive twisting actions. Inflammatory arthritis is primarily associated with the disorder. The tendon sheath thickens and becomes constricted if the inflammation and swelling persist. Patients who undergo high-torque wrist turning or other repetitive everyday movements, such as handshaking, have a higher risk of developing tenosynovitis. This disease can also occur without any sort of visible prior trauma or injury. Clinical evaluation is usually required for diagnosis; however, imaging studies might be used to confirm the diagnosis or check out alternate diseases. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs), physical therapy, immobilization with splints, and rest are among the treatment options. Applying ice to the affected area and applying a splint are a few ways to ease the pain. Corticosteroid injections or surgery may be considered in situations that do not respond to preventive treatment; thus, patients are advised to go for minor surgery to get relief from prolonged pain.

UNASSIGNED: A synovial cyst is a herniation of synovial tissue through a joint capsule, often mistaken for a ganglion cyst. The key distinctions are that synovial cysts have a synovial cell lining, while a ganglion cyst is delineated by dense fibrous connective tissue. Typically found near joints, synovial cysts are associated with conditions like osteoarthritis, prevalent in females aged 20 to 50. We present a rare case of a synovial cyst in the extensor digitorum superficialis of the right hand.
UNASSIGNED: A 53-year-old Hispanic female visited our hand clinic due to a 3-year history of pain on the back of her right hand. At exploration, a 3 × 3 cm soft tumor was identified. Surgery revealed a clear-yellowish mass within the extensor digitorum superficialis tendon. Following the surgery, synovial cyst was confirmed by pathology and the patient was discharged without complications.
UNASSIGNED: This case highlights the rare presentation of an intratendinous synovial cyst and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive understanding of synovial cysts in the differential diagnosis of hand tumors.

Rubber band constriction syndrome has been described in the literature, although there are very few case reports. Non-healing recurrent tenosynovitis and synovitis of the wrist joint demonstrating a circular rubber band on imaging has not been described before. Imaging studies showed retained circular band deep to the extensor tendons, embedded within the joint capsule. Surgical removal of the band by open incision led to a dramatic improvement in the outcome of the patient. Level of evidence V.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome of tenoscopically guided palmar/plantar annular ligament (PAL) desmotomy to treat PAL constriction without concurrent intrathecal soft-tissue injury, notably of the digital flexor tendons and manica flexoria.
METHODS: Retrospective multicenter cohort study.
METHODS: Sixty-five horses.
METHODS: Horses from four UK equine hospitals, with digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) tenosynovitis, which underwent tenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy for treatment of PAL constriction between 2017 and 2022 were included. All horses had lameness isolated to the DFTS/PAL, and PAL constriction was diagnosed tenoscopically when there was difficulty maneuvering the endoscope into or through the fetlock canal. Horses with tearing of the digital flexor tendons and/or manica flexoria, or any other intrathecal pathology, were excluded. Follow up was via structured telephone questionnaire.
RESULTS: Follow up (median 25 months) was available for 61 horses with cobs and ponies predominating. Forty-two returned to their previous level of work, or a higher level, postoperatively and 50 owners were satisfied with the outcome of surgery. Eleven horses returned to lower level exercise, and six were retired/euthanized as they did not regain soundness. Fifty-two horses achieved soundness (median 3 months postoperatively).
CONCLUSIONS: Tenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy for the treatment of PAL constriction in the absence of intrathecal soft tissue injury had a good prognosis for return to previous levels of exercise in a UK horse population.
CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis for horses undergoing tenoscopically guided PAL desmotomy to treat PAL constriction in the absence of intrathecal injury is better than previously described. Cobs and ponies seem to be predisposed to PAL constriction in agreement with the previous literature.

METHODS: A 65-year-old female patient presented with complaints of diffuse pain and swelling in her right wrist with paresthesia in her right hand with thenar wasting. Her magnetic resonance imaging scan was suggestive of flexor tenosynovitis of the wrist with compression of the median nerve with multiple rice bodies. She underwent excisional biopsy along with median nerve decompression. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by polymerase chain reaction (GeneXpert), and histopathology identified caseous granulomas. The patient was started on antitubercular chemotherapy postoperatively.
CONCLUSIONS: In endemic countries such as India, tuberculous flexor tenosynovitis must always be a differential diagnosis in cases of wrist swelling with rice bodies.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are uncommon causes of cutaneous and musculoskeletal infections. Here, we present an immunocompromised patient with persistent swelling in the left hand, wrist, and distal forearm. MRI findings revealed flexor tenosynovitis with synovial hypertrophy of the left hand and wrist and loculated fluid containing rice bodies along the distal flexor digitorum muscles in the volar aspect of the left wrist. The patient underwent flexor tenosynovectomy, and histological examination of the excised tenosynovium and mass revealed noncaseating granulomas. Mycobacterium intracellulare was identified in microbiological cultures. Antimycobacterial therapy was administered postoperatively to manage the infection. This report underscores the significance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for NTM infection when assessing chronic hand swelling, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems.

UNASSIGNED: Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is related to synovitis and tenosynovitis. Nonetheless, whether these associations are causal is currently unknown.
UNASSIGNED: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to reveal the causality of gut microbiota with synovitis and tenosynovitis.
UNASSIGNED: The summary statistical data from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) were applied as the basis for a two-sample MR analysis. The causal effect was estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods, of which IVW was the important method. Meanwhile, the pleiotropy and heterogeneity were detected and measured using MR-Egger regression, Cochran\'s Q statistics, funnel plots, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods.
UNASSIGNED: The IVW technique demonstrated that genetically predicted five genera, namely Gordonibacter [odds ratio (OR) = 0.999, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.9977, 0.9998), p = 0.019], Paraprevotella [OR = 0.999, 95% CI: (0.9971, 0.9999), p = 0.036], Lachnoclostridium [OR = 0.998, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9999), p = 0.041], RuminococcaceaeUCG003 [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9955, 0.9994), p = 0.011], and FamilyXIIIAD3011group [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9992), p = 0.006] were negatively correlated with the risk of synovitis and tenosynovitis, while two other genera, namely Ruminococcustorquesgroup [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0004, 1.0049), p = 0.019] and Parabacteroides [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0002, 1.0052), p = 0.035] were positively associated with synovitis and tenosynovitis risk. In addition, the data of sensitivity analyses demonstrated that there were no outliers, horizontal pleiotropy, or heterogeneity in the causal relationship of the above-mentioned gut microbiota on synovitis and tenosynovitis (p > 0.05).
UNASSIGNED: The results of the study suggested that the gut microbiota was causally involved in synovitis and tenosynovitis and identified specific bacterial taxa that affect synovitis and tenosynovitis, which provide new insights into the pathogenesis underlying the development of synovitis and tenosynovitis mediated by gut microbiota.