小麦茎锈病,这是由Pucciniagraminisf.sp.引起的。小麦(Pgt),是一种在全球范围内影响小麦作物的高度破坏性疾病。在这项研究中,在2019-2020年和2020-2021年生长季节的成年植物阶段,评估了150个面包小麦品种的自然Pgt感染的反应,并使用特定的分子标记对它们进行分析以检测茎锈病抗性基因(Sr22,Sr24,Sr25,Sr26,Sr31,Sr38,Sr50和Sr57)。根据表型数据,大多数品种(62%)对天然Pgt感染具有抗性或中度抗性。根据分子结果,确定Sr57存在于103个品种中,九个品种的Sr50,六个品种的Sr25,和Sr22、Sr31和Sr38各一个品种。此外,在这些品种中检测到它们的组合Sr25Sr50,Sr31Sr57,Sr38Sr50和Sr38Sr57。另一方面,未鉴定出Sr24和Sr26。此外,许多品种的茎锈病评分较低,包括缺少Sr57的少数人。这些品种必须对茎锈病具有有用的抵抗力,并且可以作为选择更大的基础,可能持久的阻力。
Wheat stem rust, which is caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is a highly destructive disease that affects wheat crops on a global scale. In this study, the reactions of 150 bread wheat varieties were evaluated for natural Pgt infection at the adult-plant stage in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 growing seasons, and they were analyzed using specific molecular markers to detect stem rust resistance genes (Sr22, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr38, Sr50, and Sr57). Based on phenotypic data, the majority of the varieties (62%) were resistant or moderately resistant to natural Pgt infection. According to molecular results, it was identified that Sr57 was present in 103 varieties, Sr50 in nine varieties, Sr25 in six varieties, and Sr22, Sr31, and Sr38 in one variety each. Additionally, their combinations Sr25 + Sr50, Sr31 + Sr57, Sr38 + Sr50, and Sr38 + Sr57 were detected in these varieties. On the other hand, Sr24 and Sr26 were not identified. In addition, many varieties had low stem rust scores, including a large minority that lacked Sr57. These varieties must have useful resistance to stem rust and could be the basis for selecting greater, possibly durable resistance.