UNASSIGNED: Nutritional problems are considered one of the main complications of hemodialysis, and the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) is a new instrument for assessing geriatric nutritional status. The present study sought to evaluate the relationship between the GNRI and quality of life (QOL) among elderly hemodialysis patients.
UNASSIGNED: In the present analytical cross-sectional study, 110 hemodialysis individuals were selected by applying a simple random sampling method, among whom 57 and 53 were males and females, respectively (mean: 70.3±6.93 years). Demographic characteristics, GNRI, and QOL status were determined. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software and descriptive statistics, Pearson\'s correlation, ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, and multiple linear regression analysis.
UNASSIGNED: The mean GNRI and mean total QOL were respectively obtained 93.903±11.067 and 20.95 ± 4.89. Among females, a significant direct relationship was observed between GNRI and total QOL (P = 0.010, r = 0.352), autonomy (P = 0.004, r = 0.389), and pleasure (P = 0.015, r = 0.333), while GNRI was not directly and significantly related to QOL in males (P = 0.161, r = 0.188).
UNASSIGNED: Due to the presence of a significant association between Geriatric GNRI and QOL among elderly hemodialysis patients, particularly among females, highlighting the importance of addressing nutritional status in optimizing well-being.

OBJECTIVE: To review current evidence on using the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in predicting postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients.
METHODS: The literature search was performed in core databases to include all the cohort studies on the association between GNRI and risk of POD for further meta-analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 6 studies with 4242 patients underwent this meta-analysis, which showed that the risk of POD was higher in patients with moderate and high GNRI than the ones with low GNRI (odds ratio [OR]=2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.58, 2.64], p<0.001), and moderate and high GNRI significantly increased the risk of POD in patients of 60 to 75 years or above [OR=1.98, 95%CI (1.49, 2.62), p<0.001; OR=2.79, 95%CI (1.38, 5.64), p=0.004, respectively].
CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, moderate and high GNRI increased the risk of POD in elderly patients.

暂无摘要。

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the associations between the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) with cognitive functions among U.S. older adults. (Patients were classified into two nutrition risk groups based on the GNRI).
UNASSIGNED: Our analysis utilized data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2011 and 2014. Cognitive function was measured using CERAD test, AFT and DSST. Composite z-scores were obtained by summing test-specific z-scores of the above three cognitive tests and were used to assess the global cognitive function. We employed weighted logistic regression models to evaluate the associations between GNRI and nutritional status (low and high GNRI) with cognitive function among older participants. The non-linear relationship was described using fitted smoothed curves and threshold effect analyses. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were also conducted.
UNASSIGNED: This study included 2,592 older participants aged 60 years and older. After adjusting for confounding variables, the GNRI was positively associated with AFT (β = 0.05, 95% CI 0.005-0.096, p-value = 0.0285), DSST (β = 0.192, 95% CI 0.078-0.305, p-value = 0.0010) and the composite z-scores (β = 0.027, 95% CI 0.010-0.044, p-value = 0.0024). The results also showed that the high-GNRI group was significantly associated with AFT (β = 0.922, 95% CI 0.166-1.677, p-value = 0.0169), DSST (β = 2.791, 95% CI 0.884-4.698, p-value = 0.0042) and composite z-scores (β = 0.405, 95% CI 0.115-0.695, p-value = 0.0062) likewise had significant positive correlations, using the low-GNRI group as a reference. In addition, inflection points with CERAD and composite z-scores were found at GNRI of 108.016, and 105.371, respectively. Specifically, on the left side of the inflection point GNRI levels were positively correlated with CERAD and composite z-scores (CERAD β = 0.087, 95% CI 0.024-0.150, p-value = 0.0070; composite z-scores β = 0.065, 95% CI 0.040-0.091, p-value <0.0001), while on the right side of the inflection point were significantly negatively associated (CERAD β = -0.295, 95% CI -0.529 to -0.062, p-value = 0.0133, composite z-scores β = -0.050, 95% CI -0.091 to -0.008, p-value = 0.0184).
UNASSIGNED: Lower GNRI was associated with poorer performance in several cognitive domains. Additionally, there was a non-linear positive association between GNRI and cognitive function in normal nutritional states, for excessive GNRI may cause cognitive decline.

OBJECTIVE: Systemic inflammation and nutrition are vital for tumor progression. This study aimed to identify prognostic inflammation nutrition markers and develop a predictive nomogram for gallbladder cancer (GBC).
METHODS: A total of 123 patients with GBC who underwent surgical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Suzhou Kowloon Hospital were included in our study. The final prognostic variables were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses. A nomogram model was then established, and the consistency index (C-index), calibration curves, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to evaluate the accuracy and discrimination of the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested that our nomogram had better predictive ability and clinical feasibility than a published model.
RESULTS: The cox regression analysis showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) > 4.580, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) > -2.091, geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) < 90.83, T3-T4, and N2 are independent prognostic factors. A predictive nomogram was constructed with a C-index of 0.793. In the calibration curves, the nomogram-predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival matched well with the actual survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the high-risk group had worse survival than the low-risk group (P < 0.001). Finally, our nomogram achieved better 1-, 3- and 5-year AUCs than an established model (0.871, 0.844, and 0.781 vs. 0.753, 0.750, and 0.693). DCA also confirmed that our model outperformed the established model.
CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our study revealed that CEA > 4.580, GNRI < 90.83, ALBI > -2.091, T3-T4 stage, and N2 were related to clinical outcomes of patients with GBC after surgical resection. The constructed nomogram has superior predictive ability and clinical practicality.

UNASSIGNED: The management of nutritional risk has garnered significant attention in individuals diagnosed with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) due to the high prevalence of malnutrition and its correlation with unfavorable outcomes. While numerous rating scales exist to assist in assessment for both clinical and research purposes, there is considerable variability in the selection of scales based on the characteristics of the study participants and the study design. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in identifying malnutrition and predicting prognosis in elderly AECOPD patients.
UNASSIGNED: From January 2022 to December 2022, a consecutive inclusion of elderly AECOPD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University was conducted. Diagnosing malnutrition in patients using PNI and GNRI, comparing the results with the diagnostic outcomes based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria through Receiver Operating Characteristic curves. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the risks associated with length of stay (LOS), hospitalization costs, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) based on GLIM, GNRI, or PNI.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 839 elderly AECOPD patients were investigated in the study. The GNRI and PNI demonstrated a sensitivity of 89.5 and 74.1%, specificity of 77.2 and 66.4%, and an area under the curve of 0.834 and 0.702, respectively. The identification of high malnutrition-risk cases using the GLIM, GNRI and PNI were associated with a significant increase in the risk of LOS over 7 days [odds ratio (95% CI) for GLIM, GNRI, PNI: 1.376 (1.033-1.833); 1.405 (1.070-1.846); 1.875 (1.425-2.468)] and higher hospitalization expenses [OR (95% CI) for GLIM, GNRI: 1.498 (1.080-2.080); 1.510 (1.097-2.079)], but not with the CCI.
UNASSIGNED: According to our study, it is possible to use GNRI and PNI as alternatives to GLIM in the context of AECOPD, which makes it easier to identify malnutrition. The utilization of GNRI and PNI as alternatives to GLIM in the context of AECOPD enables the identification of malnutrition. The presence of malnourished individuals experiencing AECOPD is correlated with higher probabilities of extended hospital stays and escalated in-hospital expenses.

The treatment paradigm for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) has changed in recent years. An observational multicenter study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) as a first-line treatment for patients with nmCRPC. The present study included native Japanese patients from four hospitals who received ARSIs as a first-line treatment for nmCRPC. The primary endpoint of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ARSI in patients with nmCRPC. The secondary endpoint was to develop a novel system to stratify the prognoses of these patients. In total, 160 patients were included in the present study. Within a median follow-up period of 23 months, the median overall survival (OS) was not reached, whereas the median progression-free survival was 26 months. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the time to CRPC, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at the initiation of nmCRPC treatment and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) were independent predictors of OS. The patients for whom information about all three independent OS predictors was available were subsequently divided into three groups as follows: Group 1, 57 patients with negative or one positive independent OS predictor; group 2, 38 patients with two positive independent OS predictors; and group 3, 10 patients with three independent OS predictors. The OS differed significantly among the three groups (P<0.0001). In conclusion, ARSIs as a first-line treatment may be associated with favorable outcomes in Japanese patients with nmCRPC. Time to CRPC, PSA level at the initiation of nmCRPC treatment and GNRI are potential predictors of OS in Japanese patients with nmCRPC who received ARSIs as a first-line treatment.

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is common in older atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and results in poor clinical outcomes. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a straightforward method for evaluating nutritional health. However, its prognostic value in AF patients is unclear. This research focused on examining the correlation between GNRI and overall mortality in Chinese individuals with AF.
METHODS: We performed a multicenter retrospective study at four Chinese hospitals involving patients diagnosed with AF between January 2019 and August 2023. Using GNRI, nutritional status was evaluated, classifying patients into three categories. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analysis assess the relationship between GNRI and mortality, with exploratory subgroup analyses investigating potential effect modifiers.
RESULTS: The study included 4,878 AF patients with a median follow-up of 19 months. The mean age was 71 (63-78), and the mean GNRI was 102 (95-108). Malnutrition was identified in 1,776 patients (36.41%). During the study, 419 (8.59%) deaths occurred. After controlling for confounders, moderate to severe malnutrition was linked to an increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to no malnutrition (odds ratio 1.50; 95% CI, 1.17-1.94). The relationship between GNRI and mortality risk was approximately linear, with consistent associations across subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition, as assessed by GNRI, is prevalent among Chinese AF patients and is independently linked to higher all-cause mortality risk.

BACKGROUND: The geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) can easily identify malnutrition-associated morbidity and mortality. We investigated the association between preoperative GNRI and 30-d mortality in geriatric burn patients who underwent surgery.
METHODS: The study involved geriatric burn patients (aged ≥ 65 y) who underwent burn surgery between 2012 and 2022. The GNRI was computed using the following formula: 1.489 × serum albumin concentration (mg/L) + 41.7 × patient body weight/ideal body weight. Patients were dichotomized into the high GNRI (≥ 82) and low GNRI (< 82) groups. GNRI was evaluated as an independent predictor of 30-d postoperative mortality. The study also evaluated the association between GNRI and sepsis, the need for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and pneumonia.
RESULTS: Out of 270 patients, 128 (47.4%) had low GNRI (< 82). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that low GNRI was significantly associated with 30-d postoperative mortality (hazard ratio: 1.874, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.146-3.066, P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the 30-day mortality rate differed significantly between the low and high GNRI groups (log-rank test, P < 0.001). The 30-d postoperative mortality (hazard ratio: 2.677, 95% CI: 1.536-4.667, P < 0.001) and the incidence of sepsis (odds ratio [OR]: 2.137, 95% CI: 1.307-3.494, P = 0.004), need for CRRT (OR: 1.919, 95% CI: 1.101-3.344, P = 0.025), MACE (OR: 1.680, 95% CI: 1.018-2.773, P = 0.043), and pneumonia (OR: 1.678, 95% CI: 1.019-2.764, P = 0.044), were significantly higher in the low GNRI group than in the high GNRI group.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative low GNRI was associated with increased 30-d postoperative mortality, sepsis, need for CRRT, MACE, and pneumonia in geriatric burn patients.

UNASSIGNED: The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a straightforward and objective tool for nutritional screening in older patients and has been demonstrated to possess prognostic predictive value in several diseases. Nonetheless, there is a lack of research on the nutritional risk associated with brain abscess in the older. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nutritional risk among these patients by GNRI and to investigate its potential prognostic value for clinical outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: From August 2019 to April 2023, 100 older patients diagnosed with brain abscess were enrolled in this single-center prospective cohort study, which evaluated the prognostic value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in elderly brain abscess patients. Data collected included demographic, and clinical characteristics at admission and calculated the GNRI, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score 6 months post-discharge. A GOS score of 5 was considered indicative of a good recovery, whereas scores ranging from 1 to 4 were classified as poor recovery.
UNASSIGNED: The results revealed that 48% of older brain abscess patients were at risk of malnutrition according to the GNRI. These patients had significantly higher post-admission C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.017), more comorbidities (p < 0.001), and higher age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) scores (p < 0.001) compared to those without nutritional risk. Spearman correlation analysis showed that GNRI scores were negatively correlated with CRP levels, comorbidities, and aCCI scores, and positively correlated with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores (Spearman\'s ρ = 0.624, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that lower GNRI values were linked to reduced GOS levels (OR = 0.826, 95% CI: 0.775-0.880). ROC analysis determined a GNRI threshold of 97.50 for predicting poor recovery, with 90.57% sensitivity and 87.23% specificity.
UNASSIGNED: The older brain abscess patients exhibited a high malnutrition risk. GNRI showed an important predictive value for recovery in older patients, which could be helpful in clinical intervention and rehabilitation.